德国蒂宾根大学Madelaine Böhme等研究人员发现一种大猿和人类共同祖先。相关论文于2019年11月6日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。
研究人员报道了类人猿化石Danuvius guggenmosi（来自巴伐利亚的Allgäu地区），其保留了完整的四肢骨骼，这为新近鉴定出的位置行为形式（扩展的肢体攀爬）提供了证据。拥有1162万年历史的Danuvius是一种大猿，在牙齿上与Dryopithecus和其他欧洲中新世晚期猿类最相似。
Danuvius具有宽阔的胸膛、长的腰椎和臀部和膝盖的伸展（如两足动物），以及前肢的伸长和完全伸展（如所有猿类），Danuvius结合了两足动物和悬挂猿的适应性，为大猿和人类的共同祖先提供了模型。
据了解，目前研究已经提出了许多想法来解释人族中双足动物的起源以及在大猿（人科动物）中的悬挂起源。但仍然缺乏化石证据。有人认为，人族动物的两足动物是从四足动物的祖先进化而来的（与现在的猴子类似），或者从更悬垂的四足动物（最类似于现存的黑猩猩）发展而成。
附：英文原文
Title: A new Miocene ape and locomotion in the ancestor of great apes and humans
Author: Madelaine Bhme
Issue&Volume: 2019-11-06
Abstract: Many ideas have been proposed to explain the origin of bipedalism in hominins and suspension in great apes (hominids); however, fossil evidence has been lacking. It has been suggested that bipedalism in hominins evolved from an ancestor that was a palmigrade quadruped (which would have moved similarly to living monkeys), or from a more suspensory quadruped (most similar to extant chimpanzees)1. Here we describe the fossil ape Danuvius guggenmosi (from the Allgu region of Bavaria) for which complete limb bones are preserved, which provides evidence of a newly identified form of positional behaviourextended limb clambering. The 11.62-million-year-old Danuvius is a great ape that is dentally most similar to Dryopithecus and other European late Miocene apes. With a broad thorax, long lumbar spine and extended hips and knees, as in bipeds, and elongated and fully extended forelimbs, as in all apes (hominoids), Danuvius combines the adaptations of bipeds and suspensory apes, and provides a model for the common ancestor of great apes and humans. Danuvius guggenmosi moved using extended limb clambering, thus combining adaptations of bipeds and suspensory apes and providing evidence of the evolution of bipedalism and suspension climbing in the common ancestor of great apes and humans.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1731-0
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1731-0
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
