近日，德国亥姆霍兹慕尼黑中心Yuval Rinkevich及其课题组发现皮肤通过动员筋膜来修补深层伤口。该研究2019年11月27日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然》。
研究人员发现皮肤疤痕源自皮下筋膜中的预制基质。命运图谱和实时成像显示，筋膜成纤维细胞在受伤后升至皮肤表面，拖动其周围的细胞外果冻状基质（包括包埋的血管、巨噬细胞和周围神经）形成临时基质。筋膜成纤维细胞的遗传去除阻止了基质归巢到伤口中，并导致有缺陷的疤痕，而在皮肤下放置一层不可渗透的膜（防止筋膜成纤维细胞向上迁移）导致慢性开放性伤口。因此，筋膜包含哨兵成纤维细胞的专用预制组合，其嵌入可移动的密封剂中，并将不同类型的细胞和治愈伤口所需的基质成分预先组装在一起。这些发现表明，慢性和过度的皮肤伤口可能归因于筋膜基质的活动性。
据介绍，哺乳动物会形成很快疤痕，从而快速密封伤口并确保生存，但机制却不清楚。
附：英文原文
Title: Patch repair of deep wounds by mobilized fascia
Author: Donovan Correa-Gallegos, Dongsheng Jiang, Simon Christ, Pushkar Ramesh, Haifeng Ye, Juliane Wannemacher, Shruthi Kalgudde Gopal, Qing Yu, Michaela Aichler, Axel Walch, Ursula Mirastschijski, Thomas Volz, Yuval Rinkevich
Issue&Volume: 2019-11-27
Abstract: Mammals form scars to quickly seal wounds and ensure survival by an incompletely understood mechanism15. Here we show that skin scars originate from prefabricated matrix in the subcutaneous fascia. Fate mapping and live imaging revealed that fascia fibroblasts rise to the skin surface after wounding, dragging their surrounding extracellular jelly-like matrix, including embedded blood vessels, macrophages and peripheral nerves, to form the provisional matrix. Genetic ablation of fascia fibroblasts prevented matrix from homing into wounds and resulted in defective scars, whereas placing an impermeable film beneath the skinpreventing fascia fibroblasts from migrating upwardsled to chronic open wounds. Thus, fascia contains a specialized prefabricated kit of sentry fibroblasts, embedded within a movable sealant, that preassemble together diverse cell types and matrix components needed to heal wounds. Our findings suggest that chronic and excessive skin wounds may be attributed to the mobility of the fascia matrix. Cells that populate scar tissue in mammalian skin migrate to wounds as prefabricated matrix from the subcutaneous fascia, including embedded blood vessels, macrophages and peripheral nerves.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1794-y
Source:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1794-y
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
