小柯机器人

内部状态影响全脑活动和觅食行为
2019-12-19 13:41

美国哈佛大学罗兰研究所Jennifer M. Li和Drew N. Robson课题组合作的最新研究发现,内部状态动态影响全脑活动和觅食行为。相关论文在线发表在2019年12月18日的《自然》杂志上。

利用跟踪显微镜在细胞水平观察自由移动的斑马鱼幼虫全脑神经元活动,研究人员发现斑马鱼在觅食活猎物(Paramecia)期间自发在两个持久内部状态之间交替。在利用状态时,动物会抑制运动并促进狩猎,从而产生小的局部轨迹。在探索状态时,动物会促进运动并抑制狩猎,从而产生增强的空间分散性长距离运动轨迹。

研究人员发现了具有持久活动的背脊亚组,该活动能够可靠地编码利用状态。利用状态的编码神经元与状态转换相关的多峰触发连接在一起,形成了一个随机激活的非线性动力学系统。该振荡网络的活动与觅食期间感觉运动转换的整体重新调整有关,这导致猎物动机和狩猎过程中运动序列准确性的显著变化。

这项研究揭示了一个重要的隐性变量,它塑造了动机和决策的时间结构。

研究人员表示,大脑具有持久的内部状态,可以调节动物的生理活动的各个方面。在诸如觅食之类的复杂任务中,内部状态是动态的。秀丽隐杆线虫内部状态在局部搜索和整体传播之间交替。啮齿动物和灵长类动物在探索和利用之间表现出平衡。但是,关于如何在大脑中维持持久状态、哪些上游网络驱动状态转换、以及状态编码神经元如何对感觉知觉和决策制定神经调节作用以控制适当的行为仍是未知。

附:英文原文

Title: Internal state dynamics shape brainwide activity and foraging behaviour

Author: Joo C. Marques, Meng Li, Diane Schaak, Drew N. Robson, Jennifer M. Li

Issue&Volume: 2019-12-18

Abstract: The brain has persistent internal states that can modulate every aspect of an animals mental experience14. In complex tasks such as foraging, the internal state is dynamic58. Caenorhabditis elegans alternate between local search and global dispersal5. Rodents and primates exhibit trade-offs between exploitation and exploration6,7. However, fundamental questions remain about how persistent states are maintained in the brain, which upstream networks drive state transitions and how state-encoding neurons exert neuromodulatory effects on sensory perception and decision-making to govern appropriate behaviour. Here, using tracking microscopy to monitor whole-brain neuronal activity at cellular resolution in freely moving zebrafish larvae9, we show that zebrafish spontaneously alternate between two persistent internal states during foraging for live prey (Paramecia). In the exploitation state, the animal inhibits locomotion and promotes hunting, generating small, localized trajectories. In the exploration state, the animal promotes locomotion and suppresses hunting, generating long-ranging trajectories that enhance spatial dispersion. We uncover a dorsal raphe subpopulation with persistent activity that robustly encodes the exploitation state. The exploitation-state-encoding neurons, together with a multimodal trigger network that is associated with state transitions, form a stochastically activated nonlinear dynamical system. The activity of this oscillatory network correlates with a global retuning of sensorimotor transformations during foraging that leads to marked changes in both the motivation to hunt for prey and the accuracy of motor sequences during hunting. This work reveals an important hidden variable that shapes the temporal structure of motivation and decision-making. During foraging for live prey, zebrafish larvae alternate between persistent exploitation and exploration behavioural states that correlate with distinct patterns of neuronal activation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1858-z

Source:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1858-z

 

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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