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一种处于原核与真核生物交界的古菌被发现
2020-01-20 10:33

日本海洋与地球科学技术局Hiroyuki Imachi、国家先进工业科学技术研究所Masaru K. Nobu等研究人员合作分离到一种处于原核与真核生物交界的古菌。2020年1月15日,国际学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一研究成果。

研究人员报告了在深海沉积物中分离到的一种与Lokiarchaeota有关的Asgard古菌。古菌“ Candidatus Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum”MK-D1株是一种厌氧、生长速度极慢的小球菌(直径约550 nm),可通过互养来降解氨基酸。尽管有人认为真核生物样细胞内复合物是古菌Asgard,但这一分离株没有可见的细胞器样结构。相反,Ca. P. syntrophicum在形态上是复杂的,并具有长且经常分支的独特突起。根据从培养和基因组学获得的可用数据,以及对现有文献的合理解释,研究人员提出了一种真核生物的假说模型,称为纠缠-吞噬-内生(也称为E3)模型。

据了解,真核生物的起源尚不清楚。目前的数据表明,真核生物可能来自古细菌谱系,称为“ Asgard”古细菌。尽管在这些古细菌中发现了类似真核生物的基因组特征,但是由于缺乏培养的代表和相应的生理学见识,从古细菌到真核生物的进化过渡仍然不清楚。

附:英文原文

Title: Isolation of an archaeon at the prokaryote–eukaryote interface

Author: Hiroyuki Imachi, Masaru K. Nobu, Nozomi Nakahara, Yuki Morono, Miyuki Ogawara, Yoshihiro Takaki, Yoshinori Takano, Katsuyuki Uematsu, Tetsuro Ikuta, Motoo Ito, Yohei Matsui, Masayuki Miyazaki, Kazuyoshi Murata, Yumi Saito, Sanae Sakai, Chihong Song, Eiji Tasumi, Yuko Yamanaka, Takashi Yamaguchi, Yoichi Kamagata, Hideyuki Tamaki, Ken Takai

Issue&Volume: 2020-01-15

Abstract: The origin of eukaryotes remains unclear1,2,3,4. Current data suggest that eukaryotes may have emerged from an archaeal lineage known as ‘Asgard’ archaea5,6. Despite the eukaryote-like genomic features that are found in these archaea, the evolutionary transition from archaea to eukaryotes remains unclear, owing to the lack of cultured representatives and corresponding physiological insights. Here we report the decade-long isolation of an Asgard archaeon related to Lokiarchaeota from deep marine sediment. The archaeon—‘Candidatus Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum’ strain MK-D1—is an anaerobic, extremely slow-growing, small coccus (around 550 nm in diameter) that degrades amino acids through syntrophy. Although eukaryote-like intracellular complexes have been proposed for Asgard archaea6, the isolate has no visible organelle-like structure. Instead, Ca. P. syntrophicum is morphologically complex and has unique protrusions that are long and often branching. On the basis of the available data obtained from cultivation and genomics, and reasoned interpretations of the existing literature, we propose a hypothetical model for eukaryogenesis, termed the entangle–engulf–endogenize (also known as E3) model.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1916-6

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1916-6

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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