小柯机器人

美国加州大学旧金山分校Loren M. Frank和Kenneth Kay合作发现海马体内恒定的亚秒循环可预测未来。2020年2月6日，国际学术期刊《细胞》发表了这一成果。

为了确定未来体验是如何实现的，研究人员记录了大鼠在多空间迷宫中行走时海马的神经活动。 研究人员发现神经活动以8 Hz的恒定频率交替编码两种可能的未来场景（两个即将到来的迷宫路径）：?125毫秒周期/一个场景。此外，研究人员还发现，在确定的不同表征相关性（位置和方向）上，循环的基本动力学（周期间和周期内动力学）普遍存在。值得注意的是，循环发生在各种运动行为上，包括跑步过程中。这些发现确定了一个通用的动态过程，该过程能够快速连续地产生假设经验，包括多个可能的未来经验。

研究人员表示，诸如想象力、计划和决策之类的认知行为需要具有假设经验的能力。更重要的是，自然环境中动物的行为预示着大脑不仅可以快速产生假想的未来体验，而且随着外部事件的不断发展假想体验还可以随着时间的推移而不断地产生。

附：英文原文

Title: Constant Sub-second Cycling between Representations of Possible Futures in the Hippocampus

Author: Kenneth Kay, Jason E. Chung, Marielena Sosa, Jonathan S. Schor, Mattias P. Karlsson, Margaret C. Larkin, Daniel F. Liu, Loren M. Frank

Issue&Volume: January 30, 2020

Abstract: Cognitive faculties such as imagination, planning, and decision-making entail theability to represent hypothetical experience. Crucially, animal behavior in naturalsettings implies that the brain can represent hypothetical future experience not onlyquickly but also constantly over time, as external events continually unfold. To determinehow this is possible, we recorded neural activity in the hippocampus of rats navigatinga maze with multiple spatial paths. We found neural activity encoding two possiblefuture scenarios (two upcoming maze paths) in constant alternation at 8 Hz: one scenarioper ～125-ms cycle. Further, we found that the underlying dynamics of cycling (bothinter- and intra-cycle dynamics) generalized across qualitatively different representationalcorrelates (location and direction). Notably, cycling occurred across moving behaviors,including during running. These findings identify a general dynamic process capableof quickly and continually representing hypothetical experience, including that ofmultiple possible futures.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.014

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30061-1