小柯机器人

美国加州大学圣迭戈分校Rob Knight团队在研究中取得进展。他们的最新工作表明，血液和组织的微生物组分析可用于癌症诊断。相关论文于2020年3月11日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

最近的研究表明，某些类型的癌症显示出重要的微生物贡献，研究人员在癌症基因组数据库（TCGA）中重新检查了全基因组和全转录组测序研究。他们从33类癌症里初次治疗患者（共18116个样本）中采集了微生物数据，并在大多数主要癌症内和之间的组织和血液中发现了独特的微生物特征。这些TCGA血液特征在应用于Ia-IIc期癌症和目前缺乏基因组改变的癌症（在两个商业级无细胞肿瘤DNA平台上测量所得）时仍具有预测性，尽管使用了非常严格的去污分析（总序列数据丢弃率高达92.3％）。此外，研究人员可以仅使用血浆来源的、无细胞微生物核酸来区分健康、无癌症的个体（n=69）和患有多种类型癌症（前列腺癌、肺癌和黑色素瘤；共100份样品）患者的样本。这种潜在的微生物组肿瘤学诊断工具值得进一步探索。

据悉，癌症微生物组的系统表征为利用非人、微生物来源的分子进行重大疾病诊断提供了机会。

附：英文原文

Title: Microbiome analyses of blood and tissues suggest cancer diagnostic approach

Author: Gregory D. Poore, Evguenia Kopylova, Qiyun Zhu, Carolina Carpenter, Serena Fraraccio, Stephen Wandro, Tomasz Kosciolek, Stefan Janssen, Jessica Metcalf, Se Jin Song, Jad Kanbar, Sandrine Miller-Montgomery, Robert Heaton, Rana Mckay, Sandip Pravin Patel, Austin D. Swafford, Rob Knight

Issue&Volume: 2020-03-11

Abstract: Systematic characterization of the cancer microbiome provides the opportunity to develop techniques that exploit non-human, microorganism-derived molecules in the diagnosis of a major human disease. Following recent demonstrations that some types of cancer show substantial microbial contributions, we re-examined whole-genome and whole-transcriptome sequencing studies in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) of 33 types of cancer from treatment-naive patients (a total of 18,116 samples) for microbial reads, and found unique microbial signatures in tissue and blood within and between most major types of cancer. These TCGA blood signatures remained predictive when applied to patients with stage Ia–IIc cancer and cancers lacking any genomic alterations currently measured on two commercial-grade cell-free tumour DNA platforms, despite the use of very stringent decontamination analyses that discarded up to 92.3% of total sequence data. In addition, we could discriminate among samples from healthy, cancer-free individuals (n = 69) and those from patients with multiple types of cancer (prostate, lung, and melanoma; 100 samples in total) solely using plasma-derived, cell-free microbial nucleic acids. This potential microbiome-based oncology diagnostic tool warrants further exploration.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2095-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2095-1

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html