美国国立卫生研究院Emmie de Wit研究小组发现，瑞德西韦（remdesivir）能够为感染新冠病毒（SARS-CoV-2）的猕猴带来治疗益处。相关论文于2020年6月9日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。
研究人员报道了remdesivir治疗猕猴SARS-CoV-2感染模型的功效。与对照治疗组的动物相反，用remdesivir治疗的动物在首次治疗后12小时未显示呼吸道疾病迹象、X线片显示肺部浸润减少、支气管肺泡灌洗液中病毒滴度降低。remdesivir治疗并没有减少病毒从上呼吸道脱落。尸检时，接受remdesivir治疗的动物的肺病毒载量较低，并且对肺的损害有所减少。因此，在感染期间提早进行remdesivir治疗对于感染SARS-CoV-2的猕猴具有临床益处。尽管猕猴模型并不能代表COVID-19中的重症患者，但这些数据支持在COVID-19患者中尽早进行remdesivir治疗，以预防进展为肺炎。
据悉，目前迫切需要有效的疗法来治疗COVID-19。虽然科学家已经提出了许多研究、批准和重新使用的药物，但动物模型的临床前数据可以通过排除没有体内功效的治疗方法来寻找有效的治疗方法。remdesivir（GS-5734）是一种具有广泛抗病毒活性的核苷酸类似物前药，目前在COVID-19临床试验中进行了研究，并在最近获得了美国食品和药物管理局的紧急使用授权。在动物模型中，remdesivir治疗可有效抵抗MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV感染。在体外，remdesivir能够抑制SARS-CoV-2的复制。
附：英文原文
Title: Clinical benefit of remdesivir in rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2
Author: Brandi N. Williamson, Friederike Feldmann, Benjamin Schwarz, Kimberly Meade-White, Danielle P. Porter, Jonathan Schulz, Neeltje van Doremalen, Ian Leighton, Claude Kwe Yinda, Lizzette Prez-Prez, Atsushi Okumura, Jamie Lovaglio, Patrick W. Hanley, Greg Saturday, Catharine M. Bosio, Sarah Anzick, Kent Barbian, Tomas Cihlar, Craig Martens, Dana P. Scott, Vincent J. Munster, Emmie de Wit
Issue&Volume: 2020-06-09
Abstract: Effective therapeutics to treat COVID-19 are urgently needed. While many investigational, approved, and repurposed drugs have been suggested, preclinical data from animal models can guide the search for effective treatments by ruling out treatments without in vivo efficacy. Remdesivir (GS-5734) is a nucleotide analog prodrug with broad antiviral activity1,2, that is currently investigated in COVID-19 clinical trials and recently received Emergency Use Authorization from the US Food and Drug Administration3,4. In animal models, remdesivir treatment was effective against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infection.2,5,6 In vitro, remdesivir inhibited replication of SARS-CoV-2.7,8 Here, we investigated the efficacy of remdesivir treatment in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection9. In contrast to vehicle-treated animals, animals treated with remdesivir did not show signs of respiratory disease and had reduced pulmonary infiltrates on radiographs and reduced virus titers in bronchoalveolar lavages 12hrs after the first treatment administration. Virus shedding from the upper respiratory tract was not reduced by remdesivir treatment. At necropsy, lung viral loads of remdesivir-treated animals were lower and there was a reduction in damage to the lungs. Thus, therapeutic remdesivir treatment initiated early during infection had a clinical benefit in SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques. Although the rhesus macaque model does not represent the severe disease observed in a proportion of COVID-19 patients, our data support early remdesivir treatment initiation in COVID-19 patients to prevent progression to pneumonia.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2423-5
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2423-5
Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接：http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html
本期文章：《自然》：Online/在线发表
