小柯机器人

美国加州大学河滨分校Ansel Hsiao团队发现，不同个体间肠道微生物组变化影响对霍乱感染的反应。相关论文于2020年6月16日在线发表于《细胞》。

Title: Interpersonal Gut Microbiome Variation Drives Susceptibility and Resistance to Cholera Infection

Author: Salma Alavi, Jonathan D. Mitchell, Jennifer Y. Cho, Rui Liu, John C. Macbeth, Ansel Hsiao

Issue&Volume: 2020-06-16

Abstract: The gut microbiome is the resident microbial community of the gastrointestinal tract.This community is highly diverse, but how microbial diversity confers resistance orsusceptibility to intestinal pathogens is poorly understood. Using transplantationof human microbiomes into several animal models of infection, we show that key microbiomespecies shape the chemical environment of the gut through the activity of the enzymebile salt hydrolase. The activity of this enzyme reduced colonization by the majorhuman diarrheal pathogen Vibrio cholerae by degrading the bile salt taurocholate that activates the expression of virulencegenes. The absence of these functions and species permits increased infection loadson a personal microbiome-specific basis. These findings suggest new targets for individualizedpreventative strategies of V. cholerae infection through modulating the structure and function of the gut microbiome.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.036

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30631-0