小柯机器人

美国哈佛大学Ya-Chieh Hsu、中国台湾大学Sung-Jan Lin等研究人员合作揭示不同细胞类型如何调控鸡皮疙瘩的产生。2020年7月16日，《细胞》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现，立毛肌（APM）和交感神经形成双组分微环境来调节毛囊干细胞（HFSC）活性。交感神经与HFSC形成突触样结构并通过去甲肾上腺素调节HFSC，而APM维持HFSC的交感神经。在没有去甲肾上腺素信号传导的情况下，HFSC通过下调细胞周期和代谢来上调静态调节因子Foxp1和Fgf18进入深度休眠。

在发育过程中，HFSC后代分泌SHH（Sonic Hedgehog）来指导这种APM交感神经微环境的形成，进而控制成年体内的毛囊再生。这些研究结果揭示了再生组织与其微环境在不同阶段之间的相互依赖关系，并证明了交感神经可以通过突触样连接和神经递质调节干细胞，从而使组织产生与需求耦合。

据了解，竖毛（鸡皮疙瘩）需要毛囊、立毛肌（APM）和交感神经的协同作用，这一现象为研究上皮、间充质和神经的相互作用提供了模型。

附：英文原文

Author: Yulia Shwartz, Meryem Gonzalez-Celeiro, Chih-Lung Chen, H. Amalia Pasolli, Shu-Hsien Sheu, Sabrina Mai-Yi Fan, Farnaz Shamsi, Steven Assaad, Edrick Tai-Yu Lin, Bing Zhang, Pai-Chi Tsai, Megan He, Yu-Hua Tseng, Sung-Jan Lin, Ya-Chieh Hsu

Issue&Volume: 2020-07-16

Abstract: Piloerection (goosebumps) requires concerted actions of the hair follicle, the arrector pili muscle (APM), and the sympathetic nerve, providing a model to study interactions across epithelium, mesenchyme, and nerves. Here, we show that APMs and sympathetic nerves form a dual-component niche to modulate hair follicle stem cell (HFSC) activity. Sympathetic nerves form synapse-like structures with HFSCs and regulate HFSCs through norepinephrine, whereas APMs maintain sympathetic innervation to HFSCs. Without norepinephrine signaling, HFSCs enter deep quiescence by down-regulating the cell cycle and metabolism while up-regulating quiescence regulators Foxp1 and Fgf18. During development, HFSC progeny secretes Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) to direct the formation of this APM-sympathetic nerve niche, which in turn controls hair follicle regeneration in adults. Our results reveal a reciprocal interdependence between a regenerative tissue and its niche at different stages and demonstrate sympathetic nerves can modulate stem cells through synapse-like connections and neurotransmitters to couple tissue production with demands.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.031

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30808-4