小柯机器人

人类巨细胞病毒可在胞浆控制细胞核内极性
2020-09-11 14:20

近日,美国西北大学Derek Walsh及其研究组发现,人类巨细胞病毒可在胞浆控制细胞核内极性。这一研究成果于2020年9月9日在线发表在《自然》上。

研究人员描述了基于卷积神经网络的自动细胞分类和分析方法,从而揭示了人类巨细胞病毒通过病毒组装的微管组织中心产生核极性的程度。微管蛋白的乙酰化使得该中心发出的微管能够通过旋转细胞核,从而使内核膜蛋白SUN1极化。
 
反过来,这又会在Emerin中产生核内极性,从而控制核肌动蛋白丝,这些蛋白在空间上将病毒DNA与非活性组蛋白和宿主DNA隔离开来,从而使病毒复制最大化。这些发现证明了病毒在细胞质中控制细胞核的程度。
 
据介绍,细胞核可以在各种条件下(例如在病毒感染期间)被细胞骨架丝移动或重组。此外,尽管染色质组织成非随机域,但在单细胞水平上广泛的异质性意味着精确地以及如何重新组织核仍然是一个需要深入研究的领域。
 
附:英文原文

Title: Cytoplasmic control of intranuclear polarity by human cytomegalovirus

Author: Dean J. Procter, Colleen Furey, Arturo G. Garza-Gongora, Steven T. Kosak, Derek Walsh

Issue&Volume: 2020-09-09

Abstract: Despite its size and rigidity, the cell nucleus can be moved or reorganized by cytoskeletal filaments under various conditions (for example, during viral infection)1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11. Moreover, whereas chromatin organizes into non-random domains12, extensive heterogeneity at the single-cell level13 means that precisely how and why nuclei reorganize remains an area of intense investigation. Here we describe convolutional neural network-based automated cell classification and analysis pipelines, which revealed the extent to which human cytomegalovirus generates nuclear polarity through a virus-assembled microtubule-organizing centre. Acetylation of tubulin enables microtubules emanating from this centre to rotate the nucleus by engaging cytoplasmically exposed dynein-binding domains in the outer nuclear membrane protein nesprin-2G, which polarizes the inner nuclear membrane protein SUN1. This in turn creates intranuclear polarity in emerin, and thereby controls nuclear actin filaments that spatially segregate viral DNA from inactive histones and host DNA, maximizing virus replication. Our findings demonstrate the extent to which viruses can control the nucleus from the cytoplasm.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2714-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2714-x

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

分享到:

0