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COVID19疫苗BNT162b1诱导人抗体和T细胞反应
2020-10-04 22:43

近日,德国BioNTech公司Ugur Sahin等研究人员发现,COVID-19疫苗BNT162b1可引发人类抗体和TH1 T细胞反应。2020年9月30日,国际知名学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员表示,目前,需要一种有效的疫苗来阻止严重急性呼吸综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)的大流行。最近,研究人员报告了安慰剂对照、观察者单盲的1/2期2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗BNT162b1试验的安全性、耐受性和抗体反应数据,该试验使用了脂质纳米颗粒(LNP)构成的核苷修饰信使RNA  (mRNA),其编码SARS-CoV-2突刺蛋白的受体结合域(RBD)。
 
研究人员介绍了BNT162b1疫苗接种后的抗体和T细胞应答,来自于18-55岁的健康成年人的第二次非随机开放标签1/2期临床试验。1至50 µg BNT162b1的双剂量引起强烈的CD4+和CD8+T细胞应答和强烈的抗体应答,RBD结合IgG的浓度明显高于COVID-19患者恢复期样品(HCS)的浓度。第43天SARS-CoV-2血清中和的几何平均滴度为HCS组的0.7倍(1微克)至3.5倍(50微克)。
 
免疫血清广泛地中和了具有多种SARS-CoV-2刺突变体的假病毒。大多数参与者的1型辅助T(TH1)偏向T细胞免疫反应具有RBD特异性CD8+和CD4+T细胞扩增。干扰素(IFN)γ由高比例的RBD特异性CD8+和CD4+T细胞产生。由BNT162b1 mRNA疫苗诱导的强大RBD特异性抗体、T细胞和有利的细胞因子反应提示了多种有益的机制,具有潜在的抗COVID-19能力。
 
附:英文原文

Title: COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and T H 1 T-cell responses

Author: Ugur Sahin, Alexander Muik, Evelyna Derhovanessian, Isabel Vogler, Lena M. Kranz, Mathias Vormehr, Alina Baum, Kristen Pascal, Jasmin Quandt, Daniel Maurus, Sebastian Brachtendorf, Verena Lrks, Julian Sikorski, Rolf Hilker, Dirk Becker, Ann-Kathrin Eller, Jan Grtzner, Carsten Boesler, Corinna Rosenbaum, Marie-Cristine Khnle, Ulrich Luxemburger, Alexandra Kemmer-Brck, David Langer, Martin Bexon, Stefanie Bolte, Katalin Karik, Tania Palanche, Boris Fischer, Armin Schultz, Pei-Yong Shi, Camila Fontes-Garfias, John L. Perez, Kena A. Swanson, Jakob Loschko, Ingrid L. Scully, Mark Cutler, Warren Kalina, Christos A. Kyratsous, David Cooper, Philip R. Dormitzer, Kathrin U. Jansen, zlem Treci

Issue&Volume: 2020-09-30

Abstract: An effective vaccine is needed to halt the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Recently, we reported safety, tolerability and antibody response data from an ongoing placebo-controlled, observer-blinded phase 1/2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine trial with BNT162b1, a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulated nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein1. Here we present antibody and T-cell responses after BNT162b1 vaccination from a second, non-randomized open-label phase 1/2 trial in healthy adults, 18-55 years of age. Two doses of 1 to 50 μg of BNT162b1 elicited robust CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses and strong antibody responses, with RBD-binding IgG concentrations clearly above those in a COVID-19 human convalescent sample (HCS) panel. Day 43 SARS-CoV-2 serum neutralising geometric mean titers were 0.7-fold (1 μg) to 3.5-fold (50 μg) those of the HCS panel. Immune sera broadly neutralised pseudoviruses with diverse SARS-CoV-2 spike variants. Most participants had T helper type 1 (TH1) skewed T cell immune responses with RBD-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell expansion. Interferon (IFN)γ was produced by a high fraction of RBD-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. The robust RBD-specific antibody, T-cell and favourable cytokine responses induced by the BNT162b1 mRNA vaccine suggest multiple beneficial mechanisms with potential to protect against COVID-19.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2814-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2814-7

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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