小柯机器人

英国伦敦帝国大学医学院Irene Miguel-Aliaga研究组取得最新进展。他们发现肠神经元在生殖过程中增加母体食物摄入。相关论文发表在2020年10月28日出版的《自然》杂志上。

通过检查果蝇果蝇肠道神经元的多样性，他们确定了性别和生殖状态特异性活动的肠道神经元在维持生育过程中，母亲食物摄入量方面的关键作用。类固醇和肠内分泌激素在功能上重塑了这些神经元，导致它们的神经肽在交配后释放到胃的肌肉上（一种类似胃的器官）。

神经肽的释放改变了胃膨大的动态，从而导致食物摄入量增加，并防止了肠道神经元的交配后重塑降低了生殖亢进和生殖健康。因此，肠神经元的可塑性是生殖成功的关键。他们的发现为维持妊娠的正能量平衡提供了一种机制，其失调可能导致不孕或体重增加。

据了解，繁殖导致许多雌性动物食物摄入量增加，为探索食欲调节提供了生理上相关的范例。

附：英文原文

Title: Enteric neurons increase maternal food intake during reproduction

Author: Dafni Hadjieconomou, George King, Pedro Gaspar, Alessandro Mineo, Laura Blackie, Tomotsune Ameku, Chris Studd, Alex de Mendoza, Fengqiu Diao, Benjamin H. White, Andr E. X. Brown, Pierre-Yves Plaais, Thomas Prat, Irene Miguel-Aliaga

Issue&Volume: 2020-10-28

Abstract: Reproduction induces increased food intake across females of many animal species1,2,3,4, providing a physiologically relevant paradigm for the exploration of appetite regulation. Here, by examining the diversity of enteric neurons in Drosophila melanogaster, we identify a key role for gut-innervating neurons with sex- and reproductive state-specific activity in sustaining the increased food intake of mothers during reproduction. Steroid and enteroendocrine hormones functionally remodel these neurons, which leads to the release of their neuropeptide onto the muscles of the crop—a stomach-like organ—after mating. Neuropeptide release changes the dynamics of crop enlargement, resulting in increased food intake, and preventing the post-mating remodelling of enteric neurons reduces both reproductive hyperphagia and reproductive fitness. The plasticity of enteric neurons is therefore key to reproductive success. Our findings provide a mechanism to attain the positive energy balance that sustains gestation, dysregulation of which could contribute to infertility or weight gain.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2866-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2866-8

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