小柯机器人

美国哈佛医学院Dan H. Barouch课题组揭示体液免疫和细胞免疫在猕猴中对SARS-CoV-2感染的保护作用。2020年12月4日，《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员发现，从恢复性猕猴的纯化IgG过继转移以剂量依赖的方式保护了未感染猕猴免受SARS-CoV-2攻击。康复动物中CD8⁺T细胞的耗竭部分地废除了针对SARS-CoV-2再次感染的天然免疫保护，这提示了细胞免疫在抗体效价下降时的重要性。这些数据表明，相对较低的抗体滴度足以保护猕猴免受SARS-CoV-2感染，并且如果抗体反应欠佳，细胞免疫应答也可能有助于保护。

研究人员还显示，猕猴治疗SARS-CoV-2感染需要更高的抗体滴度。这些发现对SARS-CoV-2疫苗和免疫疗法的发展具有重要意义。

据悉，最近的研究报告了自然免疫和疫苗诱导的免疫在猕猴中SARS-CoV-2感染的保护作用。然而，体液和细胞免疫对于预防SARS-CoV-2感染的重要性仍待确定。

附：英文原文

Title: Correlates of protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques

Author: Katherine McMahan, Jingyou Yu, Noe B. Mercado, Carolin Loos, Lisa H. Tostanoski, Abishek Chandrashekar, Jinyan Liu, Lauren Peter, Caroline Atyeo, Alex Zhu, Esther A. Bondzie, Gabriel Dagotto, Makda S. Gebre, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Zhenfeng Li, Felix Nampanya, Shivani Patel, Laurent Pessaint, Alex Van Ry, Kelvin Blade, Jake Yalley-Ogunro, Mehtap Cabus, Renita Brown, Anthony Cook, Elyse Teow, Hanne Andersen, Mark G. Lewis, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Galit Alter, Dan H. Barouch

Issue&Volume: 2020-12-04

Abstract: Recent studies have reported protective efficacy of both natural immunity1 and vaccine-induced immunity2–7 against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) challenge in rhesus macaques. However, the importance of humoral and cellular immunity for protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection remains to be determined. Here we show that adoptive transfer of purified IgG from convalescent macaques protects nave recipient rhesus macaques against SARS-CoV-2 challenge in a dose dependent fashion. Depletion of CD8+ T cells in convalescent animals partially abrogated the protective efficacy of natural immunity against SARS-CoV-2 re-challenge, suggesting the importance of cellular immunity in the context of waning or subprotective antibody titers. These data demonstrate that relatively low antibody titers are sufficient for protection against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques, and that cellular immune responses may also contribute to protection if antibody responses are suboptimal. We also show that higher antibody titers are required for therapy of SARS-CoV-2 infection in macaques. These findings have important implications for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and immune-based therapeutics.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03041-6

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03041-6

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
官方网址：http://www.nature.com/
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