小柯机器人

科学家发现基于多巴胺的短暂遗忘机制
2021-01-22 16:31

美国斯克里普斯研究所Ronald L. Davis课题组发现基于多巴胺的短暂遗忘机制。相关论文于2021年1月20日在线发表于国际学术期刊《自然》。

研究人员确定了果蝇中的一个多巴胺神经元,它介导了导致短暂遗忘的记忆抑制。人工激活该神经元并没有消除长期记忆的表达。取而代之的是,它短暂地抑制了记忆检索;随着时间的流逝,记忆再次变得可清晰。多巴胺神经元通过刺激在蘑菇体神经元轴突特定区域表达的独特多巴胺受体来调节记忆恢复。这种短暂遗忘的机制是在检索之前立即出现干扰刺激而触发的。

据了解,主动遗忘是大脑记忆管理系统的重要组成部分。遗忘可以是永久性的,先前的记忆完全丢失;也可以是暂时性的,记忆处于检索受损的临时状态。记忆短暂遗忘似乎是普遍的,并且可以破坏一个人的计划、人际交往以及作出快速、灵活、适当的选择能力。但是,导致短暂遗忘的神经生物学机制尚不清楚。

附:英文原文

Title: Dopamine-based mechanism for transient forgetting

Author: John Martin Sabandal, Jacob A. Berry, Ronald L. Davis

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-20

Abstract: Active forgetting is an essential component of the memory management system of the brain1. Forgetting can be permanent, in which prior memory is lost completely, or transient, in which memory exists in a temporary state of impaired retrieval. Temporary blocks on memory seem to be universal, and can disrupt an individual’s plans, social interactions and ability to make rapid, flexible and appropriate choices. However, the neurobiological mechanisms that cause transient forgetting are unknown. Here we identify a single dopamine neuron in Drosophila that mediates the memory suppression that results in transient forgetting. Artificially activating this neuron did not abolish the expression of long-term memory. Instead, it briefly suppressed memory retrieval, with the memory becoming accessible again over time. The dopamine neuron modulates memory retrieval by stimulating a unique dopamine receptor that is expressed in a restricted physical compartment of the axons of mushroom body neurons. This mechanism for transient forgetting is triggered by the presentation of interfering stimuli immediately before retrieval. A dopamine neuron that underpins transient forgetting in Drosophila is activated by the presentation of interfering stimuli immediately before memory retrieval, modulating this retrieval by stimulating a dopamine receptor in mushroom body neurons.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03154-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03154-y

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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