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研究揭示埃博拉病毒抗体在幸存者中的衰减周期
2021-01-29 16:51

英国利物浦大学Georgios Pollakis研究组揭示埃博拉病毒抗体在幸存者中的衰减周期。2021年1月27日,国际知名学术期刊《自然》在线发表了这一成果。

通过强大的体外埃博拉病毒(EBOV)伪颗粒感染检测方法和一组定义明确的固相检测方法,研究人员描述了塞拉利昂2013–2016年EBOV爆发的健康幸存者队列中的广泛抗体反应。伪颗粒病毒中和抗体与总抗EBOV反应性和抗活EBOV的中和抗体相关。变异的EBOV糖蛋白(1995和2014株)也被中和。在纵向随访期间,抗体反应以“衰变-刺激-衰变”模式波动,这表明在恢复后EBOV抗原从头刺激。

抗体反应性的药效学模型确定了在较高比例的幸存者中,抗体半衰期为77-100天,倍增时间为46-86天。个体恢复后约200天可观察到最高的抗体反应性。该模型表明,EBOV抗体反应性在恢复后的0.5–2年内下降。在高比例的健康幸存者中,抗体反应会迅速重新刺激。因此,以后的研究应考虑对幸存者进行随访,并考虑通过疫苗免疫进行新的选择性抗原刺激,从而防止康复个体中EBOV病毒复发,并减轻再次爆发疫情的潜在风险。 

据介绍,中和抗体的功能为疫苗和疗法的效率提供了基础。

附:英文原文

Title: Ebola virus antibody decay–stimulation in a high proportion of survivors

Author: Charlene Adaken, Janet T. Scott, Raman Sharma, Robin Gopal, Steven Dicks, Saidia Niazi, Samreen Ijaz, Tansy Edwards, Catherine C. Smith, Christine P. Cole, Philip Kamara, Osman Kargbo, Heidi A. Doughty, Johan van Griensven, Peter W. Horby, Sahr M. Gevao, Foday Sahr, Richard J. Dimelow, Richard S. Tedder, Malcolm G. Semple, William A. Paxton, Georgios Pollakis

Issue&Volume: 2021-01-27

Abstract: Neutralizing antibody function provides a foundation for the efficacy of vaccines and therapies1,2,3. Here, using a robust in vitro Ebola virus (EBOV) pseudo-particle infection assay and a well-defined set of solid-phase assays, we describe a wide spectrum of antibody responses in a cohort of healthy survivors of the Sierra Leone EBOV outbreak of 2013–2016. Pseudo-particle virus-neutralizing antibodies correlated with total anti-EBOV reactivity and neutralizing antibodies against live EBOV. Variant EBOV glycoproteins (1995 and 2014 strains) were similarly neutralized. During longitudinal follow-up, antibody responses fluctuated in a ‘decay–stimulation–decay’ pattern that suggests de novo restimulation by EBOV antigens after recovery. A pharmacodynamic model of antibody reactivity identified a decay half-life of 77–100 days and a doubling time of 46–86 days in a high proportion of survivors. The highest antibody reactivity was observed around 200 days after an individual had recovered. The model suggests that EBOV antibody reactivity declines over 0.5–2 years after recovery. In a high proportion of healthy survivors, antibody responses undergo rapid restimulation. Vigilant follow-up of survivors and possible elective de novo antigenic stimulation by vaccine immunization should be considered in order to prevent EBOV viral recrudescence in recovering individuals and thereby to mitigate the potential risk of reseeding an outbreak.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03146-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03146-y

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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