美国加州大学旧金山分校Arnold R. Kriegstein和Aparna Bhaduri团队合作取得一项新突破。他们绘制了早期人类大脑发育的单细胞图谱，突出了人类神经上皮细胞和早期放射状神经胶质细胞的异质性。该研究于2021年3月15日发表于《自然-神经科学》。
为了表征人类大脑发育的最早阶段，他们在人类大脑发育区域，包括端脑、间脑、中脑、后脑和小脑进行了单细胞RNA测序。他们确定了九个祖细胞在物理上接近于脑末梢，表明比以前描述的更具异质性，包括高度流行的间充质样群体，一旦神经发生开始就消失。在相应阶段比较人类和小鼠祖细胞群体，可以确定两个在人类皮层发育早期阶段富集的祖细胞簇。
他们还发现类器官系统对神经上皮和早期放射状胶质细胞类型显示低保真度，但随着神经发生的进程而改善。总体而言，他们提供了人类大脑和皮质发育早期的综合分子和空间图集。
研究人员表示，人体皮质包括多种细胞类型，这些细胞类型从最初均一的神经上皮细胞产生，而神经上皮细胞产生了放射状神经胶质，即大脑皮层的神经干细胞。
附：英文原文
Title: Single-cell atlas of early human brain development highlights heterogeneity of human neuroepithelial cells and early radial glia
Author: Ugomma C. Eze, Aparna Bhaduri, Maximilian Haeussler, Tomasz J. Nowakowski, Arnold R. Kriegstein
Issue&Volume: 2021-03-15
Abstract: The human cortex comprises diverse cell types that emerge from an initially uniform neuroepithelium that gives rise to radial glia, the neural stem cells of the cortex. To characterize the earliest stages of human brain development, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing across regions of the developing human brain, including the telencephalon, diencephalon, midbrain, hindbrain and cerebellum. We identify nine progenitor populations physically proximal to the telencephalon, suggesting more heterogeneity than previously described, including a highly prevalent mesenchymal-like population that disappears once neurogenesis begins. Comparison of human and mouse progenitor populations at corresponding stages identifies two progenitor clusters that are enriched in the early stages of human cortical development. We also find that organoid systems display low fidelity to neuroepithelial and early radial glia cell types, but improve as neurogenesis progresses. Overall, we provide a comprehensive molecular and spatial atlas of early stages of human brain and cortical development. Eze et al. use single-cell sequencing and immunohistochemical validation to create an atlas of early human brain development. In the telencephalon, they discover a diversity of progenitor subtypes, including two that are enriched in humans.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00794-1
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-020-00794-1
Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex
本期文章：《自然—神经科学》：Online/在线发表
