小柯机器人

澳大利亚莫纳什大学Jose M. Polo小组通过将成纤维细胞重编程为iBlastoids来模拟人类囊胚。相关论文于2021年3月17日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员描述了成纤维细胞重编程为人类囊胚的体外三维模型，称为iBlastoids。iBlastoids的表征表明，它们模拟了囊胚的整体结构，呈现出内部细胞团样结构，具有上皮细胞和原始内胚层样细胞、囊胚腔样腔和滋养外胚层样细胞外层。单细胞转录组学进一步证实了上皮样、原始内胚层样和滋养外胚层样细胞的存在。此外，iBlastoids可以产生多能干细胞和滋养层干细胞，并能够在体外模拟着床早期的几个方面。

总而言之，研究人员开发出了可扩增且易于处理的系统来模拟人类囊胚生物学。研究人员设想这将有助于研究人类早期发育以及胚胎早期发育过程中基因突变和毒素的影响，并有助于开发与体外受精相关的新疗法。 

据悉，人类多能干细胞和滋养层干细胞已成为囊胚的重要替代品，可用于了解人类早期发育。但是，这些简单的培养系统缺乏足够的复杂性来充分模拟早期胚胎发育过程中发生的时空细胞和分子动力学。

附：英文原文

Title: Modelling human blastocysts by reprogramming fibroblasts into iBlastoids

Author: Xiaodong Liu, Jia Ping Tan, Jan Schrder, Asma Aberkane, John F. Ouyang, Monika Mohenska, Sue Mei Lim, Yu B. Y. Sun, Joseph Chen, Guizhi Sun, Yichen Zhou, Daniel Poppe, Ryan Lister, Amander T. Clark, Owen J. L. Rackham, Jennifer Zenker, Jose M. Polo

Issue&Volume: 2021-03-17

Abstract: Human pluripotent and trophoblast stem cells have been essential alternatives to blastocysts for understanding early human development1,2,3,4. However, these simple culture systems lack the complexity to adequately model the spatiotemporal cellular and molecular dynamics that occur during early embryonic development. Here we describe the reprogramming of fibroblasts into in vitro three-dimensional models of the human blastocyst, termed iBlastoids. Characterization of iBlastoids shows that they model the overall architecture of blastocysts, presenting an inner cell mass-like structure, with epiblast- and primitive endoderm-like cells, a blastocoel-like cavity and a trophectoderm-like outer layer of cells. Single-cell transcriptomics further confirmed the presence of epiblast-, primitive endoderm-, and trophectoderm-like cells. Moreover, iBlastoids can give rise to pluripotent and trophoblast stem cells and are capable of modelling, in vitro, several aspects of the early stage of implantation. In summary, we have developed a scalable and tractable system to model human blastocyst biology; we envision that this will facilitate the study of early human development and the effects of gene mutations and toxins during early embryogenesis, as well as aiding in the development of new therapies associated with in vitro fertilization.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03372-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03372-y

Nature：《自然》，创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：69.504
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