小柯机器人

英国牛津大学David Dupret、Mohamady El-Gaby等研究人员合作发现一种用于动态记忆的紧急神经编码。2021年3月29日，国际知名学术期刊《自然—神经科学》在线发表了这一成果。

研究人员表明，海马CA1神经元之间的毫秒级时间交互作用可区分不同的、短暂的行为突发事件。这种突发事件的区分与单个神经元的调节无关，而是它们共同作用的一种新兴特性。在学习后，脱机应变模式在离线状态下被重新激活，其恢复状态可以预测逐项试验的记忆性能。而且，在学习期间来自上游CA3区域输入的光遗传学抑制削弱了CA1中共同作用的应变信息以及随后的动态记忆检索。

这些发现将毫秒级时间尺度的共同作用鉴定为神经放电的主要特征，这对行为相关的变量进行编码并支持记忆检索。 

据了解，外部变量的神经相关性提供了指导动物行为的潜在内部编码。值得注意的是，神经活动的一阶特征（例如单神经元激发速率）已经牵涉到编码信息中。但是，尚不清楚诸如多神经元共活性之类的高阶特征在编码信息中起主要作用或在支持单神经元编码中起次要作用的程度。

附：英文原文

Title: An emergent neural coactivity code for dynamic memory

Author: Mohamady El-Gaby, Hayley M. Reeve, Vtor Lopes-dos-Santos, Natalia Campo-Urriza, Pavel V. Perestenko, Alexander Morley, Lauren A. M. Strickland, Istvn P. Lukcs, Ole Paulsen, David Dupret

Issue&Volume: 2021-03-29

Abstract: Neural correlates of external variables provide potential internal codes that guide an animal’s behavior. Notably, first-order features of neural activity, such as single-neuron firing rates, have been implicated in encoding information. However, the extent to which higher-order features, such as multineuron coactivity, play primary roles in encoding information or secondary roles in supporting single-neuron codes remains unclear. Here, we show that millisecond-timescale coactivity among hippocampal CA1 neurons discriminates distinct, short-lived behavioral contingencies. This contingency discrimination was unrelated to the tuning of individual neurons, but was instead an emergent property of their coactivity. Contingency-discriminating patterns were reactivated offline after learning, and their reinstatement predicted trial-by-trial memory performance. Moreover, optogenetic suppression of inputs from the upstream CA3 region during learning impaired coactivity-based contingency information in the CA1 and subsequent dynamic memory retrieval. These findings identify millisecond-timescale coactivity as a primary feature of neural firing that encodes behaviorally relevant variables and supports memory retrieval. El-Gaby et al. combine multiunit recordings and optogenetic silencing in the mouse hippocampus and uncover a primary role for millisecond-timescale neural coactivity in encoding behavioral contingency information and supporting memory retrieval.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-021-00820-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-021-00820-w

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex