小柯机器人

美国威斯康星大学Dudley W. Lamming研究组发现，异亮氨酸和缬氨酸介导支链氨基酸的不良代谢作用。相关论文于2021年4月21日在线发表在《细胞—代谢》杂志上。

据研究人员介绍，低蛋白饮食可促进啮齿动物和人类的代谢健康，低蛋白饮食的益处可通过特异性降低三种支链氨基酸（BCAA）：亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸的饮食水平来实现。

研究人员证明，每种BCAA都有独特的代谢作用。低异亮氨酸饮食可重编程肝和脂肪代谢，增加肝胰岛素敏感性和生酮能力，并增加能量消耗，从而激活FGF21-UCP1轴。减少缬氨酸可诱导相似但较适度的代谢作用，而亮氨酸含量低则不存在这些作用。减少异亮氨酸或缬氨酸可迅速恢复饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠的代谢健康。

最后，研究人员证明了饮食中异亮氨酸水平的变化有助于解释人体的体重指数差异。这些研究结果表明异亮氨酸是代谢健康和饮食BCAA不良代谢反应的关键调节剂，并认为减少饮食异亮氨酸是治疗和预防肥胖、糖尿病的新方法。

附：英文原文

Title: The adverse metabolic effects of branched-chain amino acids are mediated by isoleucine and valine

Author: Deyang Yu, Nicole E. Richardson, Cara L. Green, Alexandra B. Spicer, Michaela E. Murphy, Victoria Flores, Cholsoon Jang, Ildiko Kasza, Maria Nikodemova, Matthew H. Wakai, Jay L. Tomasiewicz, Shany E. Yang, Blake R. Miller, Heidi H. Pak, Jacqueline A. Brinkman, Jennifer M. Rojas, William J. Quinn, Eunhae P. Cheng, Elizabeth N. Konon, Lexington R. Haider, Megan Finke, Michelle Sonsalla, Caroline M. Alexander, Joshua D. Rabinowitz, Joseph A. Baur, Kristen C. Malecki, Dudley W. Lamming

Issue&Volume: 2021-04-21

Abstract: Low-protein diets promote metabolic health in rodents and humans, and the benefitsof low-protein diets are recapitulated by specifically reducing dietary levels ofthe three branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Here,we demonstrate that each BCAA has distinct metabolic effects. A low isoleucine dietreprograms liver and adipose metabolism, increasing hepatic insulin sensitivity andketogenesis and increasing energy expenditure, activating the FGF21-UCP1 axis. Reducingvaline induces similar but more modest metabolic effects, whereas these effects areabsent with low leucine. Reducing isoleucine or valine rapidly restores metabolichealth to diet-induced obese mice. Finally, we demonstrate that variation in dietaryisoleucine levels helps explain body mass index differences in humans. Our resultsreveal isoleucine as a key regulator of metabolic health and the adverse metabolicresponse to dietary BCAAs and suggest reducing dietary isoleucine as a new approachto treating and preventing obesity and diabetes.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.025

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(21)00166-2

Cell Metabolism：《细胞—代谢》，创刊于2005年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：31.373
官方网址：https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/home
投稿链接：https://www.editorialmanager.com/cell-metabolism/default.aspx