小柯机器人

科学家开发出肠道微生物组机理研究的代谢组学方法
2021-07-18 17:06

美国斯坦福大学医学院Justin L. Sonnenburg等研究人员合作开发出肠道微生物组机理研究的代谢组学方法。2021年7月14日,《自然》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员构建了一个以微生物为重点的综合质谱分析方案,用于识别不同类型样品中依赖微生物群的代谢物。通过这个833种代谢物库,研究人员报告了178种肠道微生物菌株的代谢概况。利用这一代谢组学资源,研究人员建立了系统发育和代谢之间的关系偏差,利用机器学习发现了一种以前没有描述的细菌代谢类型,并利用比较基因组学揭示了候选生化途径。微生物群依赖的代谢物可以在定菌的和传统定植小鼠的各种生物液体中检测到,并追溯到培养细菌的相应代谢组图谱。总的来说,这个以微生物群为重点的代谢组学方案和交互式代谢组学概况探索器是一个强大的工具,可用于描述微生物之间以及微生物与宿主之间的相互作用。

据介绍,肠道微生物能调节宿主的表型,并与人类的许多健康影响有关,从宿主对癌症免疫治疗的反应到代谢性疾病和肥胖症。然而,对人类肠道微生物进行准确和高通量的功能分析的困难,这阻碍了建立个别微生物菌株和宿主表型之间的机制联系。肠道微生物组影响宿主生理学的一个关键方式是通过产生小分子,然而,由于用于检测肠道内厌氧生物化学产物的工具有限,阐明这种化学相互作用的进展一直受到阻碍。

附:英文原文

Title: A metabolomics pipeline for the mechanistic interrogation of the gut microbiome

Author: Shuo Han, Will Van Treuren, Curt R. Fischer, Bryan D. Merrill, Brian C. DeFelice, Juan M. Sanchez, Steven K. Higginbottom, Leah Guthrie, Lalla A. Fall, Dylan Dodd, Michael A. Fischbach, Justin L. Sonnenburg

Issue&Volume: 2021-07-14

Abstract: Gut microorganisms modulate host phenotypes and are associated with numerous health effects in humans, ranging from host responses to cancer immunotherapy to metabolic disease and obesity. However, difficulty in accurate and high-throughput functional analysis of human gut microorganisms has hindered efforts to define mechanistic connections between individual microbial strains and host phenotypes. One key way in which the gut microbiome influences host physiology is through the production of small molecules1,2,3, yet progress in elucidating this chemical interplay has been hindered by limited tools calibrated to detect the products of anaerobic biochemistry in the gut. Here we construct a microbiome-focused, integrated mass-spectrometry pipeline to accelerate the identification of microbiota-dependent metabolites in diverse sample types. We report the metabolic profiles of 178 gut microorganism strains using our library of 833 metabolites. Using this metabolomics resource, we establish deviations in the relationships between phylogeny and metabolism, use machine learning to discover a previously undescribed type of metabolism in Bacteroides, and reveal candidate biochemical pathways using comparative genomics. Microbiota-dependent metabolites can be detected in diverse biological fluids from gnotobiotic and conventionally colonized mice and traced back to the corresponding metabolomic profiles of cultured bacteria. Collectively, our microbiome-focused metabolomics pipeline and interactive metabolomics profile explorer are a powerful tool for characterizing microorganisms and interactions between microorganisms and their host.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03707-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03707-9

Nature:《自然》,创刊于1869年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:69.504
官方网址:http://www.nature.com/
投稿链接:http://www.nature.com/authors/submit_manuscript.html


本期文章:《自然》:Online/在线发表

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