含硒聚合物是一类具有独特结构、性质和应用的功能性聚合物，近年来得到了广泛的发展，但应用实例有限。开发具有结构和功能多样性的含硒聚合物的挑战包括缺乏经济和安全的单体，缺乏高效和方便的合成方法，以及涉及共价键的硒稳定性差。
该文中，研究人员开发了元素硒、二异氰酸酯和二丙炔醇的室温无金属多组分聚合（MCPs），并通过这些MCPs直接从元素硒合成了含硒脂肪族杂环1,3-氧杂戊烷的聚合物。脂环聚氧乙烯烷具有高收率（高达93%）、高分子量（高达15600g/mol）、高热稳定性和化学稳定性、良好的溶解性和加工性能。通过对聚恶烷烯酮的结构设计，其高硒含量高达33.7 wt%，其旋涂薄膜的折射率在633nm处可达到1.8026，在1700nm处可保持1.7770。
预计这些高效、方便、温和和经济的元素硒多组分聚合可以促进与硒相关的聚合物化学，并加速开发多种含硒功能聚合物材料。
附：英文原文
Title: Room-Temperature Metal-Free Multicomponent Polymerizations of Elemental Selenium toward Stable Alicyclic Poly(oxaselenolane)s with High Refractive Index
Author: Xiuying Wu, Junxia He, Rongrong Hu, Ben Zhong Tang
Issue&Volume: September 14, 2021
Abstract: Selenium-containing polymers are a group of fascinating functional polymers with unique structures, properties, and applications, which have been developed recently but only with limited examples. The challenges of developing selenium-containing polymers with structural and functional diversity include the lack of economic and safe monomers, lack of efficient and convenient synthetic approaches, and poor stability of selenium-involving covalent bonds. In this work, room-temperature metal-free multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) of elemental selenium, diisocyanides, and dipropargyl alcohols were developed, and polymers with a selenium-containing aliphatic heterocycle, 1,3-oxaselenolane, were synthesized through these MCPs directly from elemental selenium. The alicyclic poly(oxaselenolane)s enjoyed high yields (up to 93%), high molecular weights (up to 15600 g/mol), high thermal and chemical stability, good solubility and processability. With the structural design of the poly(oxaselenolane)s and their high selenium contents of up to 33.7 wt %, the refractive indices of their spin-coated thin films could reach 1.8026 at 633 nm and maintain 1.7770 at 1700 nm. It is anticipated that these efficient, convenient, mild, and economic multicomponent polymerizations of elemental selenium can promote the selenium-related polymer chemistry and accelerate the exploration of diversified selenium-containing functional polymer materials.
DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06732
Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.1c06732
