小柯机器人

美国德克萨斯大学西南医学中心Wei Xu、John W. Schoggins等研究人员合作开发出改造的黄热病疫苗YFV-17D，可用于顺行的跨神经元追踪和基因控制。相关论文于2021年11月25日在线发表在《自然—方法学》杂志上。

研究人员在黄热病减毒活疫苗YFV-17D的基础上开发了一个逆行病毒系统。YFV-17D的复制或包装缺陷的突变体可以在大脑中重组，从而导致高效的突触特异性和仅有逆行的跨神经元传播，这可以被控制从而实现单突触或多突触追踪。此外，YFV-17D突变体的诱导性瞬时复制足以诱导永久性的跨神经元遗传修饰，而不会引起神经元的毒性。工程化的YFV-17D系统可用于在下游神经元中表达荧光标记物、传感器或效应器，从而为绘制和功能控制神经元回路提供通用工具。

据悉，跨神经元病毒是追踪神经元回路或向大脑中的特定神经元传递基因的有力工具。虽然有多种逆行病毒，但可用的逆行病毒很少。此外，现有的逆行病毒往往有一些限制，如逆行运输、神经元毒性大或信号弱。

附：英文原文

Title: Anterograde transneuronal tracing and genetic control with engineered yellow fever vaccine YFV-17D

Author: Li, Elizabeth, Guo, Jun, Oh, So Jung, Luo, Yi, Oliveros, Heankel Cantu, Du, Wenqin, Arano, Rachel, Kim, Yerim, Chen, Yuh-Tarng, Eitson, Jennifer, Lin, Da-Ting, Li, Ying, Roberts, Todd, Schoggins, John W., Xu, Wei

Issue&Volume: 2021-11-25

Abstract: Transneuronal viruses are powerful tools for tracing neuronal circuits or delivering genes to specific neurons in the brain. While there are multiple retrograde viruses, few anterograde viruses are available. Further, available anterograde viruses often have limitations such as retrograde transport, high neuronal toxicity or weak signals. We developed an anterograde viral system based on a live attenuated vaccine for yellow fever—YFV-17D. Replication- or packaging-deficient mutants of YFV-17D can be reconstituted in the brain, leading to efficient synapse-specific and anterograde-only transneuronal spreading, which can be controlled to achieve either monosynaptic or polysynaptic tracing. Moreover, inducible transient replication of YFV-17D mutant is sufficient to induce permanent transneuronal genetic modifications without causing neuronal toxicity. The engineered YFV-17D systems can be used to express fluorescent markers, sensors or effectors in downstream neurons, thus providing versatile tools for mapping and functionally controlling neuronal circuits.

DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01319-9

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-021-01319-9

Nature Methods：《自然—方法学》，创刊于2004年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：47.99
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nmeth/
投稿链接：https://mts-nmeth.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex