小柯机器人

法国巴黎文理研究大学Laurent Bourdieu、Stéphane Dieudonné等研究人员合作通过三维（3D）自定义访问串行全息术实现神经元活动的快速光学记录。相关论文于2021年12月23日在线发表在《自然—方法学》杂志上。

研究人员开发了三维定制访问串行全息技术（3D-CASH）。基于快速声光调制器，3D-CASH在可自由选择的三维位置对神经元进行40 kHz的串行采样。通过用覆盖细胞体及其预期位移场的尺寸优化的激发光模式瞄准每个神经元，消除了运动伪影。研究人员从清醒小鼠视觉皮层的GCaMP6f记录中推断出的脉冲率跟踪了移动条形刺激的相位，与层间神经元对相比，层内神经元之间的脉冲相关性更高。3D-CASH提供了对三维微回路中体内神经元活动的毫秒级相关结构访问。

据悉，在体内以细胞和毫秒级的分辨率对3D脑回路中的神经元活动进行光学记录，对于探测大脑中的信息流至关重要。虽然随机访问多光子显微镜能够快速光学访问三维的神经元靶标，但该方法在记录行为动物时受到运动伪影的挑战。

附：英文原文

Title: Fast optical recording of neuronal activity by three-dimensional custom-access serial holography

Author: Akemann, Walther, Wolf, Sbastien, Villette, Vincent, Mathieu, Benjamin, Tangara, Astou, Fodor, Jozsua, Ventalon, Cathie, Lger, Jean-Franois, Dieudonn, Stphane, Bourdieu, Laurent

Issue&Volume: 2021-12-23

Abstract: Optical recording of neuronal activity in three-dimensional (3D) brain circuits at cellular and millisecond resolution in vivo is essential for probing information flow in the brain. While random-access multiphoton microscopy permits fast optical access to neuronal targets in three dimensions, the method is challenged by motion artifacts when recording from behaving animals. Therefore, we developed three-dimensional custom-access serial holography (3D-CASH). Built on a fast acousto-optic light modulator, 3D-CASH performs serial sampling at 40kHz from neurons at freely selectable 3D locations. Motion artifacts are eliminated by targeting each neuron with a size-optimized pattern of excitation light covering the cell body and its anticipated displacement field. Spike rates inferred from GCaMP6f recordings in visual cortex of awake mice tracked the phase of a moving bar stimulus with higher spike correlation between intra compared to interlaminar neuron pairs. 3D-CASH offers access to the millisecond correlation structure of in vivo neuronal activity in 3D microcircuits.

DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01329-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-021-01329-7

Nature Methods：《自然—方法学》，创刊于2004年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：47.99
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/nmeth/
投稿链接：https://mts-nmeth.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex