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研究揭示早熟和晚熟栽培荔枝品种的独立驯化事件
2022-01-05 14:27
来源：小柯机器人

华南农业大学李建国等研究人员合作揭示早熟和晚熟栽培荔枝品种的独立驯化事件。相关论文于2022年1月3日在线发表在《自然—遗传学》杂志上。

研究人员表示，荔枝是一种具有独特风味的热带水果。
 
栽培品种"妃子笑"的基因组被组装成15个假染色体，总计约470 Mb。高杂合度（2.27%）导致了两个完整的单倍型组合。共有13,517个等位基因（42.4%）在不同的组织中有不同的表达。对72个重新测序的荔枝品种的分析显示了两个独立的驯化事件。极早熟的栽培品种优先排列在一个单倍型上，是由云南的一个野生种群驯化而来的，而晚熟的栽培品种主要映射在第二个单倍型上，是由海南的一个野生种群独立驯化而来的。早熟栽培品种可能是在广东通过极早熟栽培品种和晚熟栽培品种个体之间的杂交发展起来的。一对类似CONSTANS的基因所包含的3.7kb区域的可变缺失可能调节荔枝栽培品种之间的果实成熟度差异。
 
这些基因组资源提供了对荔枝驯化自然历史的深入了解，并将加速荔枝和相关作物的改良。
 
附：英文原文

Title: Two divergent haplotypes from a highly heterozygous lychee genome suggest independent domestication events for early and late-maturing cultivars

Author: Hu, Guibing, Feng, Junting, Xiang, Xu, Wang, Jiabao, Salojrvi, Jarkko, Liu, Chengming, Wu, Zhenxian, Zhang, Jisen, Liang, Xinming, Jiang, Zide, Liu, Wei, Ou, Liangxi, Li, Jiawei, Fan, Guangyi, Mai, Yingxiao, Chen, Chengjie, Zhang, Xingtan, Zheng, Jiakun, Zhang, Yanqing, Peng, Hongxiang, Yao, Lixian, Wai, Ching Man, Luo, Xinping, Fu, Jiaxin, Tang, Haibao, Lan, Tianying, Lai, Biao, Sun, Jinhua, Wei, Yongzan, Li, Huanling, Chen, Jiezhen, Huang, Xuming, Yan, Qian, Liu, Xin, McHale, Leah K., Rolling, William, Guyot, Romain, Sankoff, David, Zheng, Chunfang, Albert, Victor A., Ming, Ray, Chen, Houbin, Xia, Rui, Li, Jianguo

Issue&Volume: 2022-01-03

Abstract: Lychee is an exotic tropical fruit with a distinct flavor. The genome of cultivar ‘Feizixiao’ was assembled into 15 pseudochromosomes, totaling ~470Mb. High heterozygosity (2.27%) resulted in two complete haplotypic assemblies. A total of 13,517 allelic genes (42.4%) were differentially expressed in diverse tissues. Analyses of 72 resequenced lychee accessions revealed two independent domestication events. The extremely early maturing cultivars preferentially aligned to one haplotype were domesticated from a wild population in Yunnan, whereas the late-maturing cultivars that mapped mostly to the second haplotype were domesticated independently from a wild population in Hainan. Early maturing cultivars were probably developed in Guangdong via hybridization between extremely early maturing cultivar and late-maturing cultivar individuals. Variable deletions of a 3.7kb region encompassed by a pair of CONSTANS-like genes probably regulate fruit maturation differences among lychee cultivars. These genomic resources provide insights into the natural history of lychee domestication and will accelerate the improvement of lychee and related crops.

DOI: 10.1038/s41588-021-00971-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-021-00971-3

Nature Genetics：《自然—遗传学》，创刊于1992年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：41.307
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/ng/
投稿链接：https://mts-ng.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章：《自然—遗传学》：Online/在线发表

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