小柯机器人

美国斯坦福大学Nirao M. Shah研究团队发现性别和发情周期依赖的基因表达和行为的功能细胞框架。2022年1月21日，《细胞》杂志在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员对四个表达雌激素受体1（Esr1⁺）的群体进行了正交的、有针对性别的基因测序，确定了1415个在性别或发情状态之间有差异表达的基因。这些基因的独特子集分布在所有137个转录组定义的Esr1⁺细胞类型中，包括发情期特定的细胞，这些细胞构成了这四个群体。研究人员以标记单一Esr1⁺细胞类型的差异表达基因为切入点，对两种这样的细胞类型BNSTpr^Tac1/Esr1和VMHvl^Cckar/Esr1进行功能描述。研究人员观察到，这两种细胞类型，而不是这些种群中的其他Esr1⁺细胞类型，分别对雄性的性别识别和雌性的交配至关重要。此外，VMHvl^Cckar/Esr1细胞类型的投射与其他VMHvl^Esr1细胞类型的投射不同。总之，双态细胞类型的投射和功能专门化使性激素反应性群体能够调节不同的社会行为。

据悉，性激素对性别行为产生了深刻的影响。目前还不清楚单独的性激素反应性神经元群体如何调节不同的性别典型行为。

附：英文原文

Title: A functional cellular framework for sex and estrous cycle-dependent gene expression and behavior

Author: Joseph R. Knoedler, Sayaka Inoue, Daniel W. Bayless, Taehong Yang, Adarsh Tantry, Chung-ha Davis, Nicole Y. Leung, Srinivas Parthasarathy, Grace Wang, Maricruz Alvarado, Abbas H. Rizvi, Lief E. Fenno, Charu Ramakrishnan, Karl Deisseroth, Nirao M. Shah

Issue&Volume: 2022-01-21

Abstract: Sex hormones exert a profound influence on gendered behaviors. How individual sexhormone-responsive neuronal populations regulate diverse sex-typical behaviors isunclear. We performed orthogonal, genetically targeted sequencing of four estrogenreceptor 1-expressing (Esr1+) populations and identified 1,415 genes expressed differentially between sexes orestrous states. Unique subsets of these genes were distributed across all 137 transcriptomicallydefined Esr1+ cell types, including estrous stage-specific ones, that comprise the four populations.We used differentially expressed genes labeling single Esr1+ cell types as entry points to functionally characterize two such cell types, BNSTprTac1/Esr1 and VMHvlCckar/Esr1. We observed that these two cell types, but not the other Esr1+ cell types in these populations, are essential for sex recognition in males and matingin females, respectively. Furthermore, VMHvlCckar/Esr1 cell type projections are distinct from those of other VMHvlEsr1 cell types. Together, projection and functional specialization of dimorphic celltypes enables sex hormone-responsive populations to regulate diverse social behaviors.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.031

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)01494-X