小柯机器人

美国华盛顿大学医学院Jonathan R. Brestoff和Nicholas Borcherding共同合作近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现膳食脂质促进脂肪细胞来源的线粒体由向巨噬细胞的转运转变为释放到血液中。这一研究成果2022年9月6日在线发表于《细胞—代谢》杂志上。

研究人员发现，在以猪油为基础的高脂肪饮食引起的小鼠肥胖症中，白色脂肪组织中脂肪细胞到巨噬细胞的线粒体转运受到抑制，但在以氢化椰子油为基础的高脂肪饮食、衰老或玉米淀粉饮食中则没有。富含猪油的长链脂肪酸抑制巨噬细胞捕获线粒体，将脂肪细胞来源的线粒体转移到血液中，以输送到其他器官，例如心脏。巨噬细胞的消耗迅速增加了血液中脂肪细胞来源的的线粒体的数量。这些发现表明，膳食脂质可调节白色脂肪组织中局部巨噬细胞对线粒体的摄取，以确定脂肪细胞来源的线粒体是否释放到全身循环系统中，以支持远端器官对营养应激的代谢适应。

据介绍，脂肪细胞将线粒体转移到白色和棕色脂肪组织中的巨噬细胞以维持代谢稳态。肥胖时，脂肪细胞到巨噬细胞的线粒体转移受损，相反，脂肪细胞释放线粒体到血液中，在心脏中诱导保护性的抗氧化反应。

附：英文原文

Title: Dietary lipids inhibit mitochondria transfer to macrophages to divert adipocyte-derived mitochondria into the blood

Author: Nicholas Borcherding, Wentong Jia, Rocky Giwa, Rachael L. Field, John R. Moley, Benjamin J. Kopecky, Mandy M. Chan, Bin Q. Yang, Jessica M. Sabio, Emma C. Walker, Omar Osorio, Andrea L. Bredemeyer, Terri Pietka, Jennifer Alexander-Brett, Sharon Celeste Morley, Maxim N. Artyomov, Nada A. Abumrad, Joel Schilling, Kory Lavine, Clair Crewe, Jonathan R. Brestoff

Issue&Volume: 2022-09-06

Abstract: Adipocytes transfer mitochondria to macrophages in white and brown adipose tissuesto maintain metabolic homeostasis. In obesity, adipocyte-to-macrophage mitochondriatransfer is impaired, and instead, adipocytes release mitochondria into the bloodto induce a protective antioxidant response in the heart. We found that adipocyte-to-macrophagemitochondria transfer in white adipose tissue is inhibited in murine obesity elicitedby a lard-based high-fat diet, but not a hydrogenated-coconut-oil-based high-fat diet,aging, or a corn-starch diet. The long-chain fatty acids enriched in lard suppressmitochondria capture by macrophages, diverting adipocyte-derived mitochondria intothe blood for delivery to other organs, such as the heart. The depletion of macrophagesrapidly increased the number of adipocyte-derived mitochondria in the blood. Thesefindings suggest that dietary lipids regulate mitochondria uptake by macrophages locallyin white adipose tissue to determine whether adipocyte-derived mitochondria are releasedinto systemic circulation to support the metabolic adaptation of distant organs inresponse to nutrient stress.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.08.010

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(22)00353-9

Cell Metabolism：《细胞—代谢》，创刊于2005年。隶属于细胞出版社，最新IF：31.373
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