小柯机器人

德国埃朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学Ruth Beckervordersandforth团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现齿状回星形细胞具有层特异性的分子、形态和生理特征。相关研究成果2022年11月28日在线发表于《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

据介绍，神经元异质性已被确立为高级中枢神经系统功能的支柱，但神经胶质异质性及其对神经回路功能的影响尚不清楚。

研究人员发现，成年小鼠海马齿状回（DG）由分子上不同的星形胶质细胞亚型组成，这些亚型与不同的DG层相关。定位于不同DG室的星形胶质细胞也表现出亚型特异性的形态。生理上，DG上层的星形胶质细胞形成大的合胞体，而DG下层的星形胶质形成较小的网络。星形胶质细胞亚型差异表达谷氨酸转运蛋白，这与谷氨酸转运蛋白介导电流的不同幅度有关。小鼠DG星形胶质细胞多样性的关键分子和形态学特征在人类中是保守的。

总之，星形胶质细胞的复杂性为人们对脑网络组成和功能的理解增加了一层复杂性，对于进一步研究星形胶质细胞在健康和疾病中的作用至关重要。

附：英文原文

Title: Dentate gyrus astrocytes exhibit layer-specific molecular, morphological and physiological features

Author: Karpf, Julian, Unichenko, Petr, Chalmers, Nicholas, Beyer, Felix, Wittmann, Marie-Theres, Schneider, Julia, Fidan, Elif, Reis, Andre, Beckervordersandforth, Jan, Brandner, Sebastian, Liebner, Stefan, Falk, Sven, Sagner, Andreas, Henneberger, Christian, Beckervordersandforth, Ruth

Issue&Volume: 2022-11-28

Abstract: Neuronal heterogeneity has been established as a pillar of higher central nervous system function, but glial heterogeneity and its implications for neural circuit function are poorly understood. Here we show that the adult mouse dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus is populated by molecularly distinct astrocyte subtypes that are associated with distinct DG layers. Astrocytes localized to different DG compartments also exhibit subtype-specific morphologies. Physiologically, astrocytes in upper DG layers form large syncytia, while those in lower DG compartments form smaller networks. Astrocyte subtypes differentially express glutamate transporters, which is associated with different amplitudes of glutamate transporter-mediated currents. Key molecular and morphological features of astrocyte diversity in the mice DG are conserved in humans. This adds another layer of complexity to our understanding of brain network composition and function, which will be crucial for further studies on astrocytes in health and disease.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01192-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-022-01192-5

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex