小柯机器人

德国马克斯·普朗克代谢研究所Tatiana Korotkova团队发现，互补的下丘脑外侧细胞群可抵抗饥饿压力以平衡营养和社会需求。相关论文发表在2023年2月23日出版的《细胞-代谢》杂志上。

利用对自由小鼠的钙成像、光遗传学和化学遗传学分析，研究人员表明下丘脑外侧（LH）的两个神经元群体通过对营养和社会奖励行为之间的选择来控制日益饥饿的动物。虽然食物消耗增加会在快速时间尺度上增加对瘦素受体表达（LepR^LH）亚群的抑制，但LepR^LH神经元限制了进食或饮水，并在饥饿或口渴的情况下促进社交互动。相反，表达神经降压素的LH神经元在饥饿压力下优先选择饮水并促进寻水，同时降低社会需求。因此，饥饿和口渴以互补的方式控制着两个LH细胞群，以便能够灵活地满足多种基本需求。

据介绍，根据环境和机会，动物会不断权衡饥饿和口渴与竞争需求（例如社交和交配）的关系。然而，对感知和营养需求排位的神经元机制仍然知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: Complementary lateral hypothalamic populations resist hunger pressure to balance nutritional and social needs

Author: Anne Petzold, Hanna Elin van den Munkhof, Rebecca Figge-Schlensok, Tatiana Korotkova

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-23

Abstract: Animals continuously weigh hunger and thirst against competing needs, such as social contact and mating, according to state and opportunity. Yet neuronal mechanisms of sensing and ranking nutritional needs remain poorly understood. Here, combining calcium imaging in freely behaving mice, optogenetics, and chemogenetics, we show that two neuronal populations of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) guide increasingly hungry animals through behavioral choices between nutritional and social rewards. While increased food consumption was marked by increasing inhibition of a leptin receptor-expressing (LepRLH) subpopulation at a fast timescale, LepRLH neurons limited feeding or drinking and promoted social interaction despite hunger or thirst. Conversely, neurotensin-expressing LH neurons preferentially encoded water despite hunger pressure and promoted water seeking, while relegating social needs. Thus, hunger and thirst gate both LH populations in a complementary manner to enable the flexible fulfillment of multiple essential needs.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.008

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(23)00044-X

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