小柯机器人

英国曼彻斯特大学Judith E. Allen和Conor M. Finlay共同合作，近期取得重要工作进展。他们研究发现，在线虫感染胸膜腔过程中，辅助T细胞2（Th2）控制单核细胞向组织驻留巨噬细胞的分化。相关研究成果2023年3月21日在线发表于《免疫》杂志上。

据介绍，最近组织驻留巨噬细胞生物学的革命主要源于在C57BL/6小鼠中进行的小鼠研究。

研究人员使用C57BL/6和BALB/c小鼠来分析胸膜腔内的免疫细胞。与C57BL/6小鼠不同，BALB/c小鼠的原生组织驻留大腔巨噬细胞（LCM）未能完全实施组织驻留程序。在感染胸膜寄生线虫后，这些预先存在的差异因C57BL/6小鼠中出现的LCM扩增而加剧，但在BALB/c小鼠中没有。虽然感染驱动了两种菌株中单核细胞的募集，但只有在C57BL/6小鼠中，单核细胞才能有效地整合到常驻库池中。单核细胞向巨噬细胞的转换需要T细胞和白细胞介素-4受体α（IL-4Rα）信号传导。向组织驻留的转变改变了巨噬细胞的功能，GATA6⁺组织驻留巨噬细胞是宿主抵抗线虫感染所必需的。

因此，在组织线虫感染期间，Th2控制常驻巨噬细胞的分化途径，从而决定了感染的结果。

附：英文原文

Title: T helper 2 cells control monocyte to tissue-resident macrophage differentiation during nematode infection of the pleural cavity

Author: Conor M. Finlay, James E. Parkinson, Lili Zhang, Brian H.K. Chan, Jesuthas Ajendra, Alistair Chenery, Anya Morrison, Irem Kaymak, Emma L. Houlder, Syed Murtuza Baker, Ben R. Dickie, Louis Boon, Joanne E. Konkel, Matthew R. Hepworth, Andrew S. MacDonald, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Dominik Rückerl, Judith E. Allen

Issue&Volume: 2023-03-21

Abstract: The recent revolution in tissue-resident macrophage biology has resulted largely from murine studies performed in C57BL/6 mice. Here, using both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, we analyze immune cells in the pleural cavity. Unlike C57BL/6 mice, naive tissue-resident large-cavity macrophages (LCMs) of BALB/c mice failed to fully implement the tissue-residency program. Following infection with a pleural-dwelling nematode, these pre-existing differences were accentuated with LCM expansion occurring in C57BL/6, but not in BALB/c mice. While infection drove monocyte recruitment in both strains, only in C57BL/6 mice were monocytes able to efficiently integrate into the resident pool. Monocyte-to-macrophage conversion required both T cells and interleukin-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Rα) signaling. The transition to tissue residency altered macrophage function, and GATA6+ tissue-resident macrophages were required for host resistance to nematode infection. Therefore, during tissue nematode infection, T helper 2 (Th2) cells control the differentiation pathway of resident macrophages, which determines infection outcome.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.02.016

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(23)00090-0

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