小柯机器人

老鼠大脑中的觅食决策变量库
2023-04-19 10:59

葡萄牙尚帕利莫基金会Zachary F. Mainen,Alfonso Renart和Fanny Cazettes共同合作,近期取得重要工作进展。他们研究发现了老鼠大脑中的觅食决策变量库。相关研究成果2023年4月13日在线发表于《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

据介绍,在任何给定的情况下,都可以以不同的方式解析环境,以产生定义对不同任务有用的策略的决策变量(DV)。通常认为,大脑只计算一个定义当前行为策略的DV。

为了验证这一假设,研究人员记录了执行觅食任务的小鼠额叶皮层的神经系统,这些小鼠接受了多种DV。为揭示目前使用的DV而开发的方法揭示了在会话中使用多种策略和偶尔的策略切换。光遗传学操作表明,小鼠需要次级运动皮层(M2)才能在任务中使用不同的DV。令人惊讶的是,研究人员发现,无论哪种DV最能解释当前行为,M2活动都同时编码了一组完整的基本计算,定义了适用于替代任务的DV库。

总之,这种形式的神经复用可以为学习和自适应行为带来相当大的优势。

附:英文原文

Title: A reservoir of foraging decision variables in the mouse brain

Author: Cazettes, Fanny, Mazzucato, Luca, Murakami, Masayoshi, Morais, Joao P., Augusto, Elisabete, Renart, Alfonso, Mainen, Zachary F.

Issue&Volume: 2023-04-13

Abstract: In any given situation, the environment can be parsed in different ways to yield decision variables (DVs) defining strategies useful for different tasks. It is generally presumed that the brain only computes a single DV defining the current behavioral strategy. Here to test this assumption, we recorded neural ensembles in the frontal cortex of mice performing a foraging task admitting multiple DVs. Methods developed to uncover the currently employed DV revealed the use of multiple strategies and occasional switches in strategy within sessions. Optogenetic manipulations showed that the secondary motor cortex (M2) is needed for mice to use the different DVs in the task. Surprisingly, we found that regardless of which DV best explained the current behavior, M2 activity concurrently encoded a full basis set of computations defining a reservoir of DVs appropriate for alternative tasks. This form of neural multiplexing may confer considerable advantages for learning and adaptive behavior.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01305-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01305-8

Nature Neuroscience:《自然—神经科学》,创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团,最新IF:28.771
官方网址:https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接:https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex


本期文章:《自然—神经科学》:Online/在线发表

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