小柯机器人

美国耶鲁大学Valentina Greco等研究人员合作发现，活体小鼠纵向成像捕捉到的皮肤血管成熟和维持机制。相关论文于2023年5月10日在线发表于国际学术期刊《细胞》。

通过对相同的新生儿内皮细胞（EC）进行数天至数周的纵向追踪，研究人员发现毛细血管丛的扩张是由血管回归驱动的，进而优化网络灌注。新生儿内皮细胞重新排列位置，均匀地分布在整个发育中的神经丛中，并在成年后变得位置稳定。局部烧毁后，成年EC通过质膜自我修复反应存活下来，而新生EC则有死亡的倾向。此外，成年EC重新激活迁移来协助血管修复。全局消除显示了成年血管结构的协调维护，使最终的网络恢复。最后，皮肤血管丛的新生儿重塑和成年维护是由时间上受限的新生儿VEGFR2信号来协调的。这项工作揭示了体内血管成熟和成年稳态的基本机制。

研究人员表示，一个功能性的血管网络对于器官的生长和平衡是至关重要的，然而在活体小鼠中，血管是如何成熟和维持平衡的仍然难以捉摸。

附：英文原文

Title: Mechanisms of skin vascular maturation and maintenance captured by longitudinal imaging of live mice

Author: Chen Yuan Kam, Ishani D. Singh, David G. Gonzalez, Catherine Matte-Martone, Paloma Solá, Guiomar Solanas, Júlia Bonjoch, Edward Marsh, Karen K. Hirschi, Valentina Greco

Issue&Volume: 2023-05-10

Abstract: A functional network of blood vessels is essential for organ growth and homeostasis,yet how the vasculature matures and maintains homeostasis remains elusive in livemice. By longitudinally tracking the same neonatal endothelial cells (ECs) over daysto weeks, we found that capillary plexus expansion is driven by vessel regressionto optimize network perfusion. Neonatal ECs rearrange positions to evenly distributethroughout the developing plexus and become positionally stable in adulthood. Uponlocal ablation, adult ECs survive through a plasmalemmal self-repair response, whileneonatal ECs are predisposed to die. Furthermore, adult ECs reactivate migration toassist vessel repair. Global ablation reveals coordinated maintenance of the adultvascular architecture that allows for eventual network recovery. Lastly, neonatalremodeling and adult maintenance of the skin vascular plexus are orchestrated by temporallyrestricted, neonatal VEGFR2 signaling. Our work sheds light on fundamental mechanismsthat underlie both vascular maturation and adult homeostasis in vivo.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.017

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00413-0