小柯机器人

美国华盛顿大学医学院Joseph D. Dougherty团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现有效的吞噬作用需要小胶质细胞过程中的局部翻译。相关研究成果2023年6月5日在线发表于《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

据介绍，神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞局部调节远端过程中的蛋白质翻译。

研究人员测试了小鼠大脑外周小胶质细胞过程（PeMP）中是否存在调节的局部翻译。研究人员发现，PeMP含有参与蛋白质从头合成的核糖体，这些核糖体与参与病原体防御、运动和吞噬的转录物有关。使用活体切片制备，研究人员进一步表明，急性翻译阻断损害了PeMP吞噬杯的形成、溶酶体蛋白在其中的定位以及凋亡细胞和病原体样颗粒的吞噬作用。最后，从胞体中分离出来的 PeMP 需要从头合成局部蛋白质才能有效地包围病原体样颗粒。

总之，这些数据支持PeMP中受调控的局部翻译，并表明需要新的翻译来支持动态小胶质细胞的功能。

附：英文原文

Title: Local translation in microglial processes is required for efficient phagocytosis

Author: Vasek, Michael J., Mueller, Shayna M., Fass, Stuart B., Deajon-Jackson, Jelani D., Liu, Yating, Crosby, Haley W., Koester, Sarah K., Yi, Jiwon, Li, Qingyun, Dougherty, Joseph D.

Issue&Volume: 2023-06-05

Abstract: Neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes locally regulate protein translation within distal processes. Here, we tested whether there is regulated local translation within peripheral microglial processes (PeMPs) from mouse brain. We show that PeMPs contain ribosomes that engage in de novo protein synthesis, and these are associated with transcripts involved in pathogen defense, motility and phagocytosis. Using a live slice preparation, we further show that acute translation blockade impairs the formation of PeMP phagocytic cups, the localization of lysosomal proteins within them, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and pathogen-like particles. Finally, PeMPs severed from their somata exhibit and require de novo local protein synthesis to effectively surround pathogen-like particles. Collectively, these data argue for regulated local translation in PeMPs and indicate a need for new translation to support dynamic microglial functions. Vasek et al. demonstrate that distal processes of microglia locally translate specific mRNAs including those related to immunity and phagocytosis. They then show that local protein synthesis is necessary for microglial process-initiated phagocytosis.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01353-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-023-01353-0

Nature Neuroscience：《自然—神经科学》，创刊于1998年。隶属于施普林格·自然出版集团，最新IF：28.771
官方网址：https://www.nature.com/neuro/
投稿链接：https://mts-nn.nature.com/cgi-bin/main.plex