小柯机器人

近日，美国哈佛医学院Esther Rheinbay及其研究小组发现原发性肿瘤中Y染色体的丢失。这一研究成果于2023年6月28日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员报道了TCGA中超过5000个男性患者的原发性肿瘤中LOY的综合图谱。结果表明，LOY率因肿瘤类型而异，并且证据表明LOY是一个乘客或司机事件取决于背景。特别是葡萄膜黑色素瘤的LOY与年龄和生存率有关，这是一个独立的不良后果预测因素。LOY在男性细胞系中产生了对DDX3X和EIF1AX的共同依赖，这表明LOY产生了可以被治疗性利用的独特脆弱性。

据介绍，某些癌症类型对女性和男性患者的影响不成比例。原因包括男性/女性生理上的差异、性激素的影响、风险行为、环境暴露、以及性染色体X和Y的遗传学。然而，LOY在肿瘤中的频率和作用却鲜为人知。

附：英文原文

Title: Loss of chromosome Y in primary tumors

Author: Meifang Qi, Jiali Pang, Irene Mitsiades, Andrew A. Lane, Esther Rheinbay

Issue&Volume: 2023-06-28

Abstract: Certain cancer types afflict female and male patients disproportionately. The reasonsinclude differences in male/female physiology, effect of sex hormones, risk behavior,environmental exposures, and genetics of the sex chromosomes X and Y. Loss of Y (LOY)is common in peripheral blood cells in aging men, and this phenomenon is associatedwith several diseases. However, the frequency and role of LOY in tumors is littleunderstood. Here, we present a comprehensive catalog of LOY in >5,000 primary tumorsfrom male patients in the TCGA. We show that LOY rates vary by tumor type and provideevidence for LOY being either a passenger or driver event depending on context. LOYin uveal melanoma specifically is associated with age and survival and is an independentpredictor of poor outcome. LOY creates common dependencies on DDX3X and EIF1AX in male cell lines, suggesting that LOY generates unique vulnerabilities that couldbe therapeutically exploited.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.006

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00646-3