小柯机器人

韩国基础科学研究所V. Narry Kim团队发现，功能性病毒学筛选揭示调控性RNA元件。这一研究成果于2023年7月5日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员对来自代表96个属和37个科的143个物种的30367个病毒片段进行了筛选。利用3′UTR的病毒片段库，研究人员确定了数百个影响RNA丰度、翻译和核质分布的元件。为了说明这种方法的威力，研究人员报道了K5，一个在科布韦病毒中保守的元件，并发现它在各种情况下，包括在腺相关病毒载体和合成的mRNA中增强mRNA稳定性和翻译的强大能力。此外，研究人员还发现了一个以前未被描述的蛋白ZCCHC2，作为K5的一个关键宿主因子。ZCCHC2招募末端核苷酸转移酶TENT4来拉长具有混合序列的聚(A)尾巴，延迟去腺苷化。

这项研究为病毒和RNA研究提供了一个独特的资源，并强调了病毒圈对生物发现的潜力。

据悉，最近，被测序的病毒基因组数量激增，为了解病毒的多样性和发现未知的调节机制提供了机会。

附：英文原文

Title: Functional viromic screens uncover regulatory RNA elements

Author: Jenny J. Seo, Soo-Jin Jung, Jihye Yang, Da-Eun Choi, V. Narry Kim

Issue&Volume: 2023-07-05

Abstract: The number of sequenced viral genomes has surged recently, presenting an opportunityto understand viral diversity and uncover unknown regulatory mechanisms. Here, weconducted a screening of 30,367 viral segments from 143 species representing 96 generaand 37 families. Using a library of viral segments in 3′ UTR, we identified hundredsof elements impacting RNA abundance, translation, and nucleocytoplasmic distribution.To illustrate the power of this approach, we investigated K5, an element conservedin kobuviruses, and found its potent ability to enhance mRNA stability and translationin various contexts, including adeno-associated viral vectors and synthetic mRNAs.Moreover, we identified a previously uncharacterized protein, ZCCHC2, as a criticalhost factor for K5. ZCCHC2 recruits the terminal nucleotidyl transferase TENT4 toelongate poly(A) tails with mixed sequences, delaying deadenylation. This study providesa unique resource for virus and RNA research and highlights the potential of the virospherefor biological discoveries.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.06.007

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00675-X