小柯机器人

北京大学张泽民等合作揭示了泛癌人自然杀伤细胞（NK）的单细胞全景图。这一研究成果于2023年8月21日发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

为了描述NK细胞在肿瘤微环境中的表型和功能多样性，研究人员对716名癌症患者的NK细胞进行了综合单细胞RNA测序分析，涵盖了24种癌症类型。研究人员发现肿瘤类型特异的NK细胞组成异质性。值得注意的是，研究确定了一组肿瘤相关的NK细胞，这些细胞在肿瘤中富集，其抗肿瘤功能减弱，并且与不良预后和对免疫治疗的耐药性有关。

特定的髓系细胞亚群，特别是LAMP3⁺树突状细胞，似乎参与调节NK细胞的抗肿瘤免疫。该研究提供了与NK细胞癌症免疫有关的见解，并突出了NK细胞亚群作为潜在治疗靶点的临床效用。

研究人员表示，自然杀伤细胞在靶向肿瘤进展的先天免疫反应中起着不可或缺的作用。

附：英文原文

Title: A pan-cancer single-cell panorama of human natural killer cells

Author: Fei Tang, Jinhu Li, Lu Qi, Dongfang Liu, Yufei Bo, Shishang Qin, Yuhui Miao, Kezhuo Yu, Wenhong Hou, Jianan Li, Jirun Peng, Zhigang Tian, Linnan Zhu, Hui Peng, Dongfang Wang, Zemin Zhang

Issue&Volume: 2023-08-21

Abstract: Natural killer (NK) cells play indispensable roles in innate immune responses against tumor progression. To depict their phenotypic and functional diversities in the tumor microenvironment, we perform integrative single-cell RNA sequencing analyses on NK cells from 716 patients with cancer, covering 24 cancer types. We observed heterogeneity in NK cell composition in a tumor-type-specific manner. Notably, we have identified a group of tumor-associated NK cells that are enriched in tumors, show impaired anti-tumor functions, and are associated with unfavorable prognosis and resistance to immunotherapy. Specific myeloid cell subpopulations, in particular LAMP3+ dendritic cells, appear to mediate the regulation of NK cell anti-tumor immunity. Our study provides insights into NK-cell-based cancer immunity and highlights potential clinical utilities of NK cell subsets as therapeutic targets.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.07.034

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00849-8