小柯机器人

中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院李汉杰等研究人员合作发现，免疫细胞图谱揭示人类巨噬细胞在产前发育过程中的特化动态变化。这一研究成果于近日在线发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究人员绘制了单细胞RNA测序图谱，描绘了19种组织中PCW 4-26期人类巨噬细胞特化的动态变化。研究人员在15个巨噬细胞亚型中发现了小胶质细胞样群体和促血管生成群体。小胶质细胞在分子和形态上与中枢神经系统中的小胶质细胞相似，存在于胎儿的表皮、睾丸和心脏中。它们是早期表皮中的主要免疫群体，沿背-侧-腹轴呈极化分布，并与神经嵴细胞相互作用，调节其沿黑素细胞谱系分化。

通过空间和分化轨迹分析，研究人员还发现促血管生成的巨噬细胞遍布胎儿器官的血管周围，很可能像小胶质细胞一样来源于卵黄囊。这项研究为人类巨噬细胞的异质性和发育动态提供了一个全面的图谱，并揭示了它们在发育过程中的多种功能。

据悉，巨噬细胞具有异质性，在发育和疾病中发挥着关键作用，但人们对它们在人类发育过程中的多样性、功能和特化仍缺乏足够的了解。

附：英文原文

Title: An immune cell atlas reveals the dynamics of human macrophage specification during prenatal development

Author: Zeshuai Wang, Zhisheng Wu, Hao Wang, Ruoqing Feng, Guanlin Wang, Muxi Li, Shuang-Yin Wang, Xiaoyan Chen, Yiyi Su, Jun Wang, Weiwen Zhang, Yuzhou Bao, Zhenwei Lan, Zhuo Song, Yiheng Wang, Xianyang Luo, Lingyu Zhao, Anli Hou, Shuye Tian, Hongliang Gao, Wenbin Miao, Yingyu Liu, Huilin Wang, Cui Yin, Zhi-Liang Ji, Mingqian Feng, Hongkun Liu, Lianghui Diao, Ido Amit, Yun Chen, Yong Zeng, Florent Ginhoux, Xueqing Wu, Yuanfang Zhu, Hanjie Li

Issue&Volume:

Abstract: Macrophages are heterogeneous and play critical roles in development and disease,but their diversity, function, and specification remain inadequately understood duringhuman development. We generated a single-cell RNA sequencing map of the dynamics ofhuman macrophage specification from PCW 4–26 across 19 tissues. We identified a microglia-likepopulation and a proangiogenic population in 15 macrophage subtypes. Microglia-likecells, molecularly and morphologically similar to microglia in the CNS, are presentin the fetal epidermis, testicle, and heart. They are the major immune populationin the early epidermis, exhibit a polarized distribution along the dorsal-lateral-ventralaxis, and interact with neural crest cells, modulating their differentiation alongthe melanocyte lineage. Through spatial and differentiation trajectory analysis, wealso showed that proangiogenic macrophages are perivascular across fetal organs andlikely yolk-sac-derived as microglia. Our study provides a comprehensive map of theheterogeneity and developmental dynamics of human macrophages and unravels their diversefunctions during development.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.019

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00908-X