小柯机器人

美国哈佛医学院Dan H. Barouch小组发现，猕猴感染猴痘病毒后可防止再次感染痘病毒。该研究于2023年9月20日在线发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞》。

研究人员通过静脉注射、皮内注射和直肠内注射等途径让18只猕猴感染了猴痘病毒，并观察到这三种感染途径都产生了强大的抗体和T细胞反应。静脉注射和皮内感染后观察到大量皮肤损伤和高血浆病毒载量。皮损在感染后第10天达到高峰，在第28天消退。第28天，研究人员再次用猴痘病毒感染所有康复动物和3只未感染的动物。所有康复的动物都能抵御再次感染。转录组研究显示，在再次感染后，先天和炎症反应上调，胶原形成和细胞外基质组织下调，T细胞和浆细胞反应迅速激活。这些数据揭示了猴痘病毒致病和免疫的关键机制。这种猕猴模型将有助于评估猴痘病毒疫苗和疗法。

据介绍，2022-2023年爆发的猴痘病毒在全球范围内迅速蔓延，感染者为与男性发生性行为的男性。

附：英文原文

Title: Mpox infection protects against re-challenge in rhesus macaques

Author: Malika Aid, Michaela Sciacca, Katherine McMahan, David Hope, Jinyan Liu, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Olivia Powers, Julia Barrett, Cindy Wu, Audrey Mutoni, Tetyana Murdza, Hannah Richter, Jason Velasco, Elyse Teow, Mona Boursiquot, Anthony Cook, Tatyana Orekov, Melissa Hamilton, Laurent Pessaint, Alaina Ryan, Tammy Hayes, Amanda J. Martinot, Michael S. Seaman, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen, Dan H. Barouch

Issue&Volume: 2023-09-20

Abstract: The mpox outbreak of 2022–2023 involved rapid global spread in men who have sex with men. We infected 18 rhesus macaques with mpox by the intravenous, intradermal, and intrarectal routes and observed robust antibody and T cell responses following all three routes of infection. Numerous skin lesions and high plasma viral loads were observed following intravenous and intradermal infection. Skin lesions peaked on day 10 and resolved by day 28 following infection. On day 28, we re-challenged all convalescent and 3 naive animals with mpox. All convalescent animals were protected against re-challenge. Transcriptomic studies showed upregulation of innate and inflammatory responses and downregulation of collagen formation and extracellular matrix organization following challenge, as well as rapid activation of T cell and plasma cell responses following re-challenge. These data suggest key mechanistic insights into mpox pathogenesis and immunity. This macaque model should prove useful for evaluating mpox vaccines and therapeutics.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.08.023

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00911-X