小柯机器人

德国马克斯·普朗克脑研究所Erin M. Schuman研究组，绘制了跨脑区和细胞类型的突触多样性的蛋白质组学景观。该研究于2023年11月1日发表于国际一流学术期刊《细胞》杂志上。

他们从7个不同的转基因小鼠系中制备了具有荧光标记的突触前末端的突触小体。结合荧光激活突触体分选(FASS)技术对5个不同脑区进行显微解剖，分离并分析了18种不同突触类型的蛋白质组。他们发现了约1800种独特的突触型富集蛋白，并将数千种蛋白分配给不同类型的突触(https://syndive.org/)。他们确定了共享的突触蛋白模块，并强调了突触特化的蛋白质组学热点。

他们揭示了纹状体多巴胺能蛋白质组的独特和共同特征，并发现了与不同中间神经元类功能特性相关的蛋白质组特征。本研究提供了突触的分子系统生物学分析和一个框架，将感兴趣的突触亚型的蛋白质组学信息与细胞或电路水平的实验结合起来。

研究人员表示，神经元使用不同的蛋白质组合来建立突触接触，这些蛋白质组合定义了突触的特异性、功能和可塑性潜力;然而，突触蛋白质组的多样性在很大程度上仍未被探索。

附：英文原文

Title: The proteomic landscape of synaptic diversity across brain regions and cell types

Author: Marc van Oostrum, Thomas M. Blok, Stefano L. Giandomenico, Susanne tom Dieck, Georgi Tushev, Nicole Fürst, Julian D. Langer, Erin M. Schuman

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-01

Abstract: Neurons build synaptic contacts using different protein combinations that define the specificity, function, and plasticity potential of synapses; however, the diversity of synaptic proteomes remains largely unexplored. We prepared synaptosomes from 7 different transgenic mouse lines with fluorescently labeled presynaptic terminals. Combining microdissection of 5 different brain regions with fluorescent-activated synaptosome sorting (FASS), we isolated and analyzed the proteomes of 18 different synapse types. We discovered ～1,800 unique synapse-type-enriched proteins and allocated thousands of proteins to different types of synapses (https://syndive.org/). We identify shared synaptic protein modules and highlight the proteomic hotspots for synapse specialization. We reveal unique and common features of the striatal dopaminergic proteome and discover the proteome signatures that relate to the functional properties of different interneuron classes. This study provides a molecular systems-biology analysis of synapses and a framework to integrate proteomic information for synapse subtypes of interest with cellular or circuit-level experiments.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.09.028

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)01082-6