小柯机器人

英国牛津大学Oliver Bannard团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现，生发中心输出表达高亲和力和低亲和力抗体的克隆多样的浆细胞群。这一研究成果2023年11月10日在线发表于《细胞》杂志上。

据介绍，免疫或感染后，在淋巴结中形成生发中心（GC），以促进抗体亲和力成熟、记忆和浆细胞（PC）发育。PC分化被认为涉及对表达最高亲和力抗原受体的GC B细胞的严格选择，但这在复杂的多克隆反应中是如何发生的尚不清楚。

研究人员将时间谱系追踪与抗体表征相结合，以获得流感感染期间PC发展的快照。GC共成熟B细胞克隆，其抗体亲和力跨越多个数量级；然而，每一种都能产生具有相似效率的PC，包括弱亲和性。在谱系中，PC的选择并不局限于具有最高亲和力抗体的变体。分化通常与增生扩张产生相同pc的“节点”有关。免疫诱导的GC产生较少的PC，但仍然具有低抗体和高抗体亲和力。

总之，研究人员提出，产生低亲和力抗体PC反映了促进不同血清抗体反应的演化妥协。

附：英文原文

Title: Germinal centers output clonally diverse plasma cell populations expressing high- and low-affinity antibodies

Author: Adrien Sprumont, Ana Rodrigues, Simon J. McGowan, Colin Bannard, Oliver Bannard

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-10

Abstract: Germinal centers (GCs) form in lymph nodes after immunization or infection to facilitate antibody affinity maturation and memory and plasma cell (PC) development. PC differentiation is thought to involve stringent selection for GC B cells expressing the highest-affinity antigen receptors, but how this plays out during complex polyclonal responses is unclear. We combine temporal lineage tracing with antibody characterization to gain a snapshot of PCs developing during influenza infection. GCs co-mature B cell clones with antibody affinities spanning multiple orders of magnitude; however, each generates PCs with similar efficiencies, including weak binders. Within lineages, PC selection is not restricted to variants with the highest-affinity antibodies. Differentiation is commonly associated with proliferative expansion to produce “nodes” of identical PCs. Immunization-induced GCs generate fewer PCs but still of low- and high-antibody affinities. We propose that generating low-affinity antibody PCs reflects an evolutionary compromise to facilitate diverse serum antibody responses.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.022

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)01173-X