小柯机器人

美国加州理工学院Yuki Oka团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们研究发现，平行神经通路能够控制钠的消耗和体验效果。相关研究成果2023年11月20日在线发表于《细胞》期刊上。

据介绍，盐的享乐价值从根本上取决于内部状态。高浓度的盐在饱腹状态下会引起先天的厌恶，而在钠缺乏的情况下，这种厌恶刺激会转化为食欲刺激。这种依赖于状态的盐价态转换的神经机制尚不清楚。

使用转录组学、状态到细胞类型的映射和神经操作，研究人员表明盐的正负价态是由哺乳动物大脑中解剖学上不同的神经回路控制的。后脑内感受回路调节钠特异性食欲驱动，而厌恶盐的行为耐受是由前脑终板（LT）中表达前列腺素E2（PGE2）受体Ptger3的一类神经元编码的。研究人员发现，这些LT神经元通过选择性调节厌恶性味觉敏感性来调节耐盐性，部分是通过PGE2-Ptger3轴。

总之，这些结果揭示了对盐的食欲信号和耐受信号的双模调节，它们共同决定了不同内部状态下的钠消耗量。

附：英文原文

Title: Parallel neural pathways control sodium consumption and taste valence

Author: Yameng Zhang, Allan-Hermann Pool, Tongtong Wang, Lu Liu, Elin Kang, Bei Zhang, Liang Ding, Kirsten Frieda, Richard Palmiter, Yuki Oka

Issue&Volume: 2023-11-20

Abstract: The hedonic value of salt fundamentally changes depending on the internal state. Highconcentrations of salt induce innate aversion under sated states, whereas such aversivestimuli transform into appetitive ones under sodium depletion. Neural mechanisms underlyingthis state-dependent salt valence switch are poorly understood. Using transcriptomicsstate-to-cell-type mapping and neural manipulations, we show that positive and negativevalences of salt are controlled by anatomically distinct neural circuits in the mammalianbrain. The hindbrain interoceptive circuit regulates sodium-specific appetitive drive, whereas behavioral tolerance of aversive salts is encoded by a dedicated class ofneurons in the forebrain lamina terminalis (LT) expressing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)receptor, Ptger3. We show that these LT neurons regulate salt tolerance by selectively modulatingaversive taste sensitivity, partly through a PGE2-Ptger3 axis. These results revealthe bimodal regulation of appetitive and tolerance signals toward salt, which togetherdictate the amount of sodium consumption under different internal states.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.020

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)01171-6