小柯机器人

近日，美国麻省理工学院Ramnik J. Xavier研究组发现，弗雷明汉心脏研究中的肠道微生物组和代谢组分析揭示了胆固醇代谢细菌。2024年4月2日出版的《细胞》发表了这项成果。

据介绍，越来越多的证据表明，心血管疾病(CVD)与肠道微生物群的改变有关。由于缺乏与诊断性生物标志物相匹配的多组学数据，对潜在机制的理解受到了阻碍。

为了全面描述肠道微生物组对心血管疾病的作用，该研究团队从1429名弗雷明汉心脏研究参与者中获得了粪便宏基因组学和代谢组学。研究组确定了与微生物组和代谢组组成相关的血脂和心血管健康测量。综合分析揭示了与心血管疾病相关的微生物途径，包括黄酮类化合物、γ-丁甜菜碱和胆固醇代谢。来自颤螺菌属的物种与降低粪便和血浆胆固醇水平有关。

通过功能预测和体外鉴定多种具有代表性的人类肠道振荡杆菌分离株，研究组发现了保守的胆固醇代谢能力，包括糖基化和脱氢。这些发现表明胆固醇代谢是系统发育多样化的颤螺菌属的一个广泛特性，对脂质稳态和心血管健康有潜在的好处。

附：英文原文

Title: Gut microbiome and metabolome profiling in Framingham heart study reveals cholesterol-metabolizing bacteria

Author: Chenhao Li, Martin Straar, Ahmed M.T. Mohamed, Julian A. Pacheco, Rebecca L. Walker, Tina Lebar, Shijie Zhao, Julia Lockart, Andrea Dame, Kumar Thurimella, Sarah Jeanfavre, Eric M. Brown, Qi Yan Ang, Brittany Berdy, Dallis Sergio, Rachele Invernizzi, Antonio Tinoco, Gleb Pishchany, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emily Balskus, Curtis Huttenhower, Hera Vlamakis, Clary Clish, Stanley Y. Shaw, Damian R. Plichta, Ramnik J. Xavier

Issue&Volume: 2024-04-02

Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated withan altered gut microbiome. Our understanding of the underlying mechanisms has beenhindered by lack of matched multi-omic data with diagnostic biomarkers. To comprehensivelyprofile gut microbiome contributions to CVD, we generated stool metagenomics and metabolomicsfrom 1,429 Framingham Heart Study participants. We identified blood lipids and cardiovascularhealth measurements associated with microbiome and metabolome composition. Integratedanalysis revealed microbial pathways implicated in CVD, including flavonoid, γ-butyrobetaine,and cholesterol metabolism. Species from the Oscillibacter genus were associated with decreased fecal and plasma cholesterol levels. Using functionalprediction and in vitro characterization of multiple representative human gut Oscillibacter isolates, we uncovered conserved cholesterol-metabolizing capabilities, includingglycosylation and dehydrogenation. These findings suggest that cholesterol metabolismis a broad property of phylogenetically diverse Oscillibacter spp., with potential benefits for lipid homeostasis and cardiovascular health.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.014

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(24)00305-2