背景回顾：Deciduous woody plants like poplar (Populus spp.) have seasonal bud dormancy. It has been challenging to simultaneously delay the onset of bud dormancy in the fall and advance bud break in the spring, as bud dormancy and bud break were thought to be controlled by different genetic factors. 

主要发现：Here, we demonstrate that heterologous expression of the REVEILLE1 gene (named AaRVE1) from Agave (Agave americana) not only delays the onset of bud dormancy but also accelerates bud break in poplar in field trials. 

结果1-提供生物量：AaRVE1 heterologous expression increases poplar biomass yield by 166% in the greenhouse. 

结果2-抑制休眠、加速芽萌发：Furthermore, we reveal that heterologous expression of AaRVE1 increases cytokinin contents, represses multiple dormancy-related genes, and up-regulates bud break-related genes, and that AaRVE1 functions as a transcriptional repressor and regulates the activity of the DORMANCY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1 (DRM1) promoter. 

结论：Our findings demonstrate that AaRVE1 appears to function as a regulator of bud dormancy and bud break, which has important implications for extending the growing season of deciduous trees in frost-free temperate and subtropical regions to increase crop yield.

杨树等落叶乔木具有季节性的芽休眠。由于芽休眠和芽萌发被认为是由不同的遗传因素控制的，因此，同时推迟秋季芽休眠和提前春季芽萌发一直是一个挑战。本文中，作者发现来自龙舌兰的AaRVE1基因的异源表达不仅能够推迟秋季芽休眠，同时也会加速春季芽萌发。AaRVE1基因的异源表达在温室条件下增加了杨树约166%的生物量。此外，作者发现AaRVE1基因的异源表达增加了细胞分裂素含量，抑制了多个与休眠相关的基因，上调了芽萌发相关的基因，并且AaRVE1作为转录抑制因子调控休眠相关基因DRM1启动子的活性。本文的研究结果揭示了AaRVE1似乎作为一个芽休眠和芽萌发的调控子发挥作用，这对于延长无霜温带和亚热带地区落叶乔木的生长季以提高作物产量具有重要意义。

** Xiaohan Yang **