瑞士——小国寡民

甘其食，美其服。

Switzerland has a highly successful market economy based on international trade and banking.

Its standards of living, worker productivity, quality of education, and health care are higher than any other European country. Inflation is low, and unemployment is negligible.

The economy is heavily dependent on foreign guest workers, who represent approximately 20% of the labor force.

Agriculture employs less than 5% of the population, and since only 10% of the land is arable, the primary agricultural products are cattle and dairy goods (especially cheeses, and there is a large chocolate-processing industry.

Tourism adds significantly to the economy.

Switzerland has a worldwide reputation for the high quality of its export manufactures, which include machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision instruments, and diverse high-tech products. Centered in Basel, the chemical-pharmaceutical industry exports around the globe.

Switzerland has become one of the world's most important financial centers. The banking, insurance, shipping, and freighting industries accommodate the enormous amount of international trade going through Switzerland.

Banking has also benefited secrecy laws, which have led wealthy foreigners to evade taxes by hiding assets with Swiss banks. In recent years, however, that secrecy has come under increasing pressure from foreign governments seeking to prosecute tax cheats.

资格1——政治稳定

瑞士是加尔文教的据点。而加尔文教是现代政治的源头。

瑞士也是法国启蒙运动以及卢梭的避难所。

The stability of its politics .

Switzerland is a confederation governed under the constitution of 1874 as revised in 1998.

The president, who is both head of state and head of government, is elected annually by the legislature.

The cabinet, or Federal Council, is the main executive body; it is composed of seven members elected for four years by the legislature.

The bicameral legislature, or Federal Assembly, consists of the 46-seat Council of States, with two members from each canton and one from each half canton, and the 200-seat National Council, whose members are popularly elected. All legislators serve four-year terms.

Switzerland frequently employs the referendum as well as the popular initiative to achieve political change.

Switzerland's 20 cantons and 6 half cantons remain sovereign in many respects; cantonal constitutions differ widely. In Unterwalden, Glarus, and Appenzell the entire electorate legislates directly in yearly outdoor meetings called Landsgemeinden.

资格2——历史

瑞士是古罗马的边陲和圣地（因其地势高）。

In the edn of 13 century it defended imperial Austria seeking to dominate it. The legendary hero of this event is William Tell.

Austrian invader general Gessler raised a pole in the village's central square, hung his hat on top of it, demanding that all the townsfolk bow before the hat. When Tell passed by the hat without bowing to it, he was arrested. As punishment, he was forced to shoot an apple off the head of his son, Walter. Otherwise, both would be executed. Tell was promised freedom if he successfully made the shot.

On 18 November 1307, Tell split the apple with a bolt from his crossbow. When Gessler queried him about the purpose of a second bolt in his quiver, Tell answered that if he had killed his son, he would have turned the crossbow on Gessler himself. Gessler was angered, and had Tell bound.

He was brought to the ship to be taken to his castle. A storm broke, and Tell managed to escape. He went by land and when Gessler arrived, Tell shot him.

Tell's defiance sparked a rebellion, in which he played a leading part. The struggle eventually led to the formation of the Swiss Confederation. He fought again against Austria in the 1315 Battle of Morgarten.

William Tell died in 1354 while trying to save a child from drowning in a river.

A "perpetual alliance" with France (1516) and neutrality became the basis of Swiss policy.

By the Treaty of Paris (1815), Swiss neutrality was guaranteed for all time.

资格3——社会

German, French, and Italian are Switzerland's major and official languages; Romansh (a Rhaeto-Roman dialect spoken in parts of the Grisons) was designated a "semiofficial" language in 1996, entitled to federal funds to help promote its continued use.

German dialects are spoken by about 65% of the inhabitants.

French, spoken by about 18% of the population, predominates in the southwest;

Italian, spoken by about 10%, is the language of Ticino, in the south. The few Romansh-speakers are in the southeast.

Over 40% of the population is Roman Catholic and 35% is Protestant。

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