推介《微颗粒黏附与清除》待版新书

本书系吴超和李明合著，将于2013年底由冶金工业出版社出版。本书也是博主获得国家科学技术学术著作出版基金资助的第三部专著。

本书主要以固体微颗粒为研究对象，以微颗粒的黏附与清除的微观过程和机理为研究切入点，从全方位、多视角开展理论、实验、分析等研究，从而获得能够科学描述微颗粒黏附与清除、预防和清除微颗粒黏附、强化与弱化微颗粒黏附现象等目的的理论、方法、配方、技术和对策措施等研究成果。

自然界中多数固体都是以颗粒形态存在，如粉尘、沙子、土壤等。人们的食物通常也是颗粒物，如大米、小麦、大豆、食盐、蔗糖等。人工制品，诸如煤粉、催化剂、水泥、肥料、颜料、药品和炸药等，大部分都呈粉末状态。

微颗粒一般是肉眼看不见的，可微颗粒却涉及到人们生产和生活的方方面面，如现在城市空气质量监测的PM2.5、日常生活的清洁与保洁、各种场合的粉尘污染与控制、工矿企业的粉体材料制备与加工等，乃至农业、食品、医药、油漆和印刷、空间科学技术、微电子制造等。

颗粒研究是一门跨学科、多学科和交叉学科的学问，由大量的基础科学和许多相关的应用技术组成。颗粒研究包括颗粒的测试和表征，颗粒（包括超微及纳米颗粒）的制备、分散、表面改性和应用，气固、液固、气液固流态化及其应用，多相分离以及气溶胶等。它对能源、化工、材料、石油、电力、轻工、冶金、电子、气象、食品、医药、环境和航空等领域的发展有着非常重要的作用。颗粒研究涉及颗粒的测量和标定，颗粒的形成与团聚，颗粒与气、液的分离，固体颗粒的输送，流态化，破碎，团球，气溶胶等诸多科学与技术问题。

微颗粒黏附的研究已经有了半个多世纪的历史。迄今，有关微颗粒黏附、测量与清除的大量研究成果在International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives（国际黏附与粘胶剂学报），Journal of Aerosol Science（气溶胶科学学报），TheJournal of Adhesion（黏附学报），Journal of Adhesion Scienceand Technology（黏附科学与技术学报），Applied Surface Science（应用表面科学），Colloids and Surfaces（胶体与表面）等国际刊物经常可见。上个世纪80年代发起和一直延续至今的International Symposium on Particles on Surfaces: Detection,Adhesion, and Removal（表面微颗粒检测、黏附和清除国际会议）系列论文集，集中地反映了本领域的研究进展。有关粉尘和粉体黏附的较早专著要算苏联学者Zimon, A. D. (AnatoliĭDavydovich)在1969年著的俄文版《Adhesion of dust and powder》（粉尘和粉体的黏附），该书被翻译成英文由纽约Plenum 出版社于1982出版。

我国1986年由中国科学技术协会批准组建成立中国颗粒学会，学会旨在通过组织国内和国际学术会议，开展科普和继续教育，出版学术期刊和学术论文集等多种形式的学术活动，增强会员之间的交流、传播颗粒学知识、促进中国颗粒学技术的发展。近三十年来，我国在颗粒学的研究取得了令人瞩目的成果，《颗粒学报》、《中国粉体技术》等刊登了很多相关研究成果。但我国学者对微颗粒黏附的研究起步比较晚，而且现有的研究成果甚少。

微颗粒的黏附、测量与清除是颗粒学的一个分支，是一门新兴的交叉学科，也可以说是一门高科技前沿学科，其研究涉及表面物理化学、电化学、微观力学、微观测量技术、膜技术、热力学、传热学、流体力学、气溶胶力学、表面活性剂、数学建模、防腐技术、清洁与保洁技术等。

微颗粒黏附与清除是矛盾的统一，查清了微颗粒黏附的机理和机制，就可以为预防微颗粒黏附和有效清除提供理论支持和技术方法，进而为保洁技术创新提供途径；同样，在需要强化微颗粒黏附的能力的应用领域，如印刷行业等，也为提高微颗粒黏附强度提供方法和途径。因此，对微颗粒黏附与清除的研究意义重大。

本课题组多年从事粉尘控制理论与技术的研究，并逐渐从更微观、更基础和更多视角进入了微颗粒黏附与清除的研究领域。本课题组1985年开始从事抑尘剂及其应用的研究，2001年在总结课题组十多年研究成果的基础上，撰写出版了第一部《化学抑尘》专著，该书获2002年度国家科学技术学术著作出版基金资助，2003年由中南大学出版社精装出版(ISBN7-81061-652-8/0.033)，2004年荣获第14届中国图书奖。之后，本课题组一直坚持该领域的研究，并得到了两项国家自然科学基金和两项教育部博士点基金的资助。在过去的十年期间，课题组先后有十多名博士、硕士研究生以本研究方向选题开展研究，并发表了数十篇相关论文。本专著是在汇集上述研究成果基础上而完成的，是我国第一部此类专著，也可以当作是《化学抑尘》专著的姐妹篇。

本书介绍了课题组诸多最新的创新性研究内容，如：从物理化学等多视角出发，系统研究并查清了表面黏附微颗粒的机理和机制；建立了多种微颗粒与固体表面黏附的复合力学模型，并给出了具体的数学计算表达式；建立了微颗粒黏附力测试的空气动力学模型；对描述微颗粒的各种力学模型进行可视化表达，并比较了不同作用力之间的大小和重要度顺序；设计了一组测定大气粉尘沉积和黏附的实验方法和装置；研究了各种湿润性测试装置的相关性和等效性；对纸币黏附细菌和树叶黏附粉尘的微观形态进行研究；通过研究空气中呼吸性粉尘受力作用与沉降实验，发现了大气参数、微颗粒形态、尺度、沉积时间、沉积量等因素之间的关系和物理化学结团规律；对小轿车漆面黏附粉尘进行空气动力学实验；实验研究硫化矿粉尘与湿润剂的耦合性；发明了一组粉尘湿润剂新配方；发明了一组适用于玻璃、瓷砖、漆面等物质表面的防尘保洁化学试剂配方；提出了一系列实现固体表面防尘保洁的新思路；等等。

本书具有先进性、实用性和针对性。尽管微颗粒微乎其微，但可以小题大做、以点带面、以小见大，本书揭示了微颗粒黏附与清除这一领域具有基础研究、技术开发、产品研制、行业服务等多个层次。本书以大量一手实验数据为依据，内容翔实，理论、方法、原理、配方、技术等均可以参考；同时还为微颗粒黏附与清除研究展现了更多的相关课题。

本书的其他贡献者主要来自本人指导毕业的博士和硕士研究生：李明、崔燕、李芳、牛心悦、李艳强、夏长念、贺兵红、彭小兰、吴桂香、张岩、钟剑等，读本科期间在本人指导下的学生：欧家才、贾彦等，在此本人对他们为本书所做出的重要贡献表示衷心的感谢。

Introduction ofthe Book of Particle Adhesion and Removal

In nature, themajority of particles are in solid morphology, such as dust, sand, and soil,etc. Many people's foods are usually in particulate matter, such as rice,wheat, soybeans, salt, sugars and so on. Many artifacts, such as pulverizedcoal, catalyst, cement, fertilizers, paints, pharmaceuticals and explosives, arealso in powder form.

Micro-particles aregenerally invisible to the naked eye, but they occur to the people's productionand all aspects of life. The monitoring of PM2.5 for urban air quality is atypical example. The daily life of cleaning, various occasions of dustpollution, the powder material preparation and processing of mining, and evenagriculture, food, pharmaceuticals, paints and printing, space science andtechnology, microelectronics manufacturing are concerned with the particles.

Particle research isan interdisciplinary, multidisciplinary and cross-disciplinary subject and alot of science and technology are related in applications. Particle researchesinclude many issues, such as the preparation, characteristics measurement,dispersion, surface modification and application, interfaces of gas-solid,liquid-solid and gas-liquid, multiphase separation and aerosol and so on. Theirresearches have very important roles in many fields, such as energy, chemicals,materials, petroleum, power, light industry, metallurgy, electronics, weather,food, medicine, environment and aviation.

Particle adhesionstudies have been more than half a century of history. So far, there are alarge number of research results on the particle adhesion, measurement and cleaningin International Journal of Adhesion andAdhesives, Journal of Aerosol Science,The Journal of Adhesion, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology,Applied Surface Science, Colloids and Surfaces and otherinternational publications. One of most significant meetings is the International Symposium on Particles onSurfaces: Detection, Adhesion, and Removal which has been opened since1980s and the progress of research in this field can be reflected in the seriesproceedings. Zimon Anatoliĭ Davydovich was one of the earlier scholars writtena monograph on the dust and powder adhesion, his book Adhesion of Dust and Powder published in Russian in 1969 has beentranslated into English by Plenum Press, New York, published in 1982.

Chinese Society ofParticuology was approved by the China Association for Science and Technologyfounded in 1986. The society aims through the organization of domestic andinternational academic meetings, to carry out science and continuing education,publishing academic journals and other forms of academic activities, andenhance member exchanges between the particles knowledge spreading, promote thedevelopment of particle technology in China. In the past 30 years, the studies ofparticle science in China have achieved impressive results, e. g. China Particuology, China Powder Science and Technology, have published a lot ofresearch fruits. However, investigations on the adhesion of particles by Chinesescholars are rather late and very few available research fruits exist.

The adhesion ofparticles, measuring and cleaning is a branch of particuology and is anemerging cross-disciplinary. It is a high-tech frontier and the study involves thesurface physical chemistry, electrochemistry, micromechanics, micro-measurementtechniques, membrane technology, thermodynamics, heat transfer, fluid dynamics,aerosol mechanics, surfactant, mathematical modeling, corrosion technology,cleaning and cleaning technology.

Adhesion of particlesand cleaning are two aspects of confliction. Identification of the mechanism ofparticle adhesion can provide new theory and approaches to prevent the particleadhesion and cleaning work, and thus provide an avenue for the innovation of cleaningtechnology. Similarly, in the need to strengthen the particle adhesion, such asthe printing industry, it can also provide ways and means to improve theparticle adhesion strength. Therefore, the study is significant on particleadhesion and cleaning.

The research group ofthe authors of the book has made a great effort to engage in the dust controltheory and technology since 1985 and gradually went into the field of particleadhesion and cleaning from a more micro and basic perspective. On the basis of themore than ten year study of dust suppressants and their applications from 1985to 2002, a book titled ChemicalSuppression of Dust (ISBN7-81061-652-8/0.033) was written and published bythe Central South University Press in 2003, which was one of the firstmonograph internationally and won the 14th China Book Award in 2004. Sincethen, our group has always insisted in the research field and has continuously beenfunded by the National Natural Science Foundation during the past decade. Duringthis period of time, more than ten PhD and MS students joined in the researchand published dozens of related papers. On the basis of above research fruits,we wrote the new book Particle Adhesionand Removal and it can be taken the sister book of Chemical Suppression of Dust.

This book composesmany latest innovative research contents, such as: the physical and chemicalperspectives of particle adhesion; mechanism of adhesion of particles; avariety of composite adhesion models of particles and solid surface; specificexpression of mathematical calculations; aerodynamic models of particleadhesion test; visualization of various mechanical models; comparison of thedifferent forces of adhesion and importance of order; measurement methods ofdust deposition in atmosphere; experimental methods of adhesion and devices;wet ability testing device and the equivalent properties; adhesion of thebacteria on the paper currency; adhesion of dust on the leaves;micro-morphology of particle adhesion on surface; forces of cleaning dust byair and sedimentation experiments; sedimentary parameters of dust in theatmosphere and regulations; aerodynamic experiments of adhesion of dust on carpaint surface; experimental study of coupling of sulfide ore dust with wettingagent; invention of a group of dust wetting and cleaning agent formulation on thesurface of glass, tile, paint; new ideas of cleaning dust on solid surfaces andso on.

The main features ofthis book are as follows: 1) The book was written from the scientific,advanced, practical and targeted visions and with the international forefront view.2) Notwithstanding the particles is minimal and invisible, but it has wideresearch area and application field. The book reveals multiple levels of particleadhesion and cleaning from the basic research, technology development,products development to industry services, etc. 3) The book is based on a largenumber of primary experimental data and the information is reliable. Allrelevant theory, methods, principles, formulas, technology and so on can beeffectively applied. 4) The book also provides an outlook of particle adhesionand cleaning studies and relevant issues.

Materials of this bookmainly is come from more than ten dissertations of PhD and MS students who weresupervised by the first author, these students are Li Ming, Cui Yan, Li Fang,Niu Xinyue, Li Yanqiang, Xia Changnian, He Binghong, Peng Xiaolan, Wu Guixiang,Zhang Yan etc. The undergraduate students Zhong Jian, Ou Jiacai and Jia Yan whowere supervised by the first author also made some contributions for the book.Dr Liao Huimin and associate professor Li Zijun also conducted a lot ofcontributions for the book. Here I would like to express my gratitude for theimportant contribution of the book to them. The research work of this book gotthe financial supports of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Projectsof No. 50474050 and No. 50974132) and the financial support of DoctorateProgram of Ministry of Education of China (Project No. 20040533011, 20110162110051).The publication of the book also got the support of National Academic Works PublicationFund of Science and Technology in 2013. Here a particular gratitude isexpressed by the authors together.